Investigation of decision-making under uncertainty in healthy subjects: A multi-centric fMRI study

Krug, Axel; Cabanis, Maurice; Pyka, Martin; Pauly, Katharina; Walter, Henrik; Landsberg, Martin W.; Shah, N. Jon; Winterer, Georg; Wölwer, Wolfgang; Musso, Francesco; Müller, Bernhard; Wiedemann, Georg; Herrlich, Jutta; Schnell, Knut; Vogeley, Kai; Schilbach, Leonhard; Langohr, Karin; Rapp, Alexander; Klingberg, Stefan; Kircher, Tilo

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.12.013

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Some of these studies compared “urn task blocks” (which collapse over draw and urn decision events) with blocks where participants performed a control task on the same stimuli. The most consistent finding across these block design studies are parietal responses near the intraparietal sulcus, which are larger for urn task blocks, 112 – 114 although some of these studies also report enhanced responses in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 113 – 115 and anterior insula. 113 , 115 One of these studies included a SZ patient group and showed that the enhanced responses for the urn task blocks in the parietal and prefrontal cortices was reduced in these individuals, compared to the responses in healthy controls.…”

Section: Methods Of Investigationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Jumping to conclusions in schizophrenia

Evans¹,

Averbeck²,

Furl³

2015

NDT

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Schizophrenia is a mental disorder associated with a variety of symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, social withdrawal, and cognitive dysfunction. Impairments on decision-making tasks are routinely reported: evidence points to a particular deficit in learning from and revising behavior following feedback. In addition, patients tend to make hasty decisions when probabilistic judgments are required. This is known as “jumping to conclusions” (JTC) and has typically been demonstrated by presenting participants with colored beads drawn from one of two “urns” until they claim to be sure which urn the beads are being drawn from (the proportions of colors vary in each urn). Patients tend to make early decisions on this task, and there is evidence to suggest that a hasty decision-making style might be linked to delusion formation and thus be of clinical relevance. Various accounts have been proposed regarding what underlies this behavior. In this review, we briefly introduce the disorder and the decision-making deficits associated with it. We then explore the evidence for each account of JTC in the context of a wider decision-making deficit and then go on to summarize work exploring JTC in healthy controls using pharmacological manipulations and functional imaging. Finally, we assess whether JTC might have a role in therapy.

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Section: Methods Of Investigationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Jumping to conclusions in schizophrenia

Evans¹,

Averbeck²,

Furl³

2015

NDT

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“…Many of our decisions and choices, such as choosing a car to buy or applying to university, involve various degrees of uncertainty and perceived risk. Such uncertainties originate when a decision is required, but the necessary information is not complete; alternatively, the outcome probability or predictability is unknown (e.g., Krug et al, 2014). This means that some decisions may be inherently risky, and a gamble is required (e.g., Cohen et al, 2006).…”

Section: Uncertainty Under Decision-makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various tasks in the literature are used to investigate decision-making under uncertainty, such as forced choice tasks for the most probable outcome, with a limited number of observed trials to learn, or with limited knowledge of, underlying probabilities (e.g., Krug et al, 2014;Volz et al 2004), number or card prediction based on probability estimation (e.g., Elliott et al, 1999;Krain et al, 2008), category judgement based on limited observed trials or perceptual difficulty (e.g., Grinband et al, 2006;Seger et al, 2015), gambling tasks between low and more probable gain or high and less probable gain (e.g. Cohen et al 2006), or reversal learning paradigms that operationalize uncertainty by requiring subjects to switch from a learned response to a different one when the contingent probabilities of the task unexpectedly change (e.g., D'Cruz et al, 2011;Robinson et al, 2010).…”

Section: Uncertainty Under Decision-makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The uncertain brain: A co-ordinate based meta-analysis of the neural signatures supporting uncertainty during different contexts

Morriss

Gell

Reekum

2019

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…Other implicated regions include the insula, the posterior parietal, the inferior parietal, and inferior temporal areas [6, 7]. Studies have suggested that information about the correct decision is stored in the ventral temporal cortex and posterior parietal cortex [8, 9], whereas the ventromedial pre-frontal cortex (vMPFC) has been implicated in computing expected value and reward outcome in processing decisions [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional brain networks involved in decision-making under certain and uncertain conditions

et al. 2017

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Purpose The aim of this study was to describe imaging markers of decision-making under uncertain conditions in normal individuals, in order to provide baseline activity to compare to impaired decision-making in pathological states. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 19 healthy subjects ages 18–35 completed a novel decision-making card-matching task using a Phillips T3 Scanner and a 32-channel head coil. Functional data were collected in six functional runs. In one condition of the task, the participant was certain of the rule to apply to match the cards; in the other condition, the participant was uncertain. We performed cluster-based comparison of the two conditions using FSL fMRI Expert Analysis Tool and network-based analysis using MATLAB. Results The uncertain > certain comparison yielded three clusters—a midline cluster that extended through the midbrain, the thalamus, bilateral prefrontal cortex, the striatum, and bilateral parietal/occipital clusters. The certain > uncertain comparison yielded bilateral clusters in the insula, parietal and temporal lobe, as well as a medial frontal cluster. A larger, more connected functional network was found in the uncertain condition. Conclusion The involvement of the insula, parietal cortex, temporal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex of the certain condition reinforces the notion that certainty is inherently rewarding. For the uncertain condition, the involvement of the prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, striatum, thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampal involvement was expected, as these are areas involved in resolving uncertainty and rule updating. The involvement of occipital cortical involvement and midbrain involvement may be attributed to increased visual attention and increased motor control.

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Investigation of decision-making under uncertainty in healthy subjects: A multi-centric fMRI study

Cited by 25 publications

References 29 publications

Jumping to conclusions in schizophrenia

Jumping to conclusions in schizophrenia

The uncertain brain: A co-ordinate based meta-analysis of the neural signatures supporting uncertainty during different contexts

Functional brain networks involved in decision-making under certain and uncertain conditions

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