Investigation of double-diffusive convection during the solidification of a binary mixture (NH4Cl–H2O) in a trapezoidal cavity

Numerical study for enhancement of solidification of phase change materials using trapezoidal cavity

“…In addition, at some times, e.g., 2 min, 6 min and 10 min, our results are relatively much closer to that of the experiment than the numerical prediction of Khodadadi and Hosseinizadeh [3]. To benchmark our model for solidification of water based PCMs, the results of the numerical study (Case 2) have been compared with the experimental data as reported by Duggirala et al [34] and presented in Fig. 4.…”

“…4. Comparison of the temperature profile at y = 37 mm in the pure water between the experimental data of Duggirala et al [34] and present work. …”

“…Case 2 is based on the solidification of water filled in a trapezoidal cavity and is used to investigate the temperature distribution at a certain height of cavity. The results are compared with experimental data of Duggirala et al [34]. Eight simulations, i.e., Cases 3-10 are based on a square cavity of 1 cm length, filled with nanofluid, and these cases are used to validate the U-velocity at the vertical mid plane and the temperature profiles at the horizontal mid plane for Gr = 10 4 and 10 5 against such results from Khanafer et al [39].…”

“…One of the possible methods to improve the performance of LHTES devices is to enhance the heat transfer rate in the nanofluid by increasing the surface area normal to the direction of heat transfer which can be done using trapezoidal cavity. Duggiralaet al [34] experimentally investigated the effect of initial concentration of ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) in the range of 0-19.8% and boundary temperatures in the range of − 30 to 0°C on the solidification of binary alloy (NH 4 Cl + H 2 O) in a trapezoidal cavity. However, this study does not explicitly investigate the effect of the trapezoidal cavity on solidification rate; Moreover, this study is not based on NEPCM.…”

“…The trapezoidal cavity has received significant attention of researchers due to its applicability in various fields, for example in the moderate concentrating solar collector [33]. Solidification of a binary mixture in a trapezoidal cavity is of practical importance in the casting and mold design because of the common practice to make the ingot wall with a small slope to facilitate withdrawal of the casting [34]. One of the possible methods to improve the performance of LHTES devices is to enhance the heat transfer rate in the nanofluid by increasing the surface area normal to the direction of heat transfer which can be done using trapezoidal cavity.…”