Investigation of effects of face rotation on race processing: An ERPs study

Inequality between biases in face memory: Event-related potentials reveal dissociable neural correlates of own-race and own-gender biases

“…Previous ERP research on the own-race bias has identified a number of components that differentiate between the processing of own-and other-race faces. First, the N170, a negative deflection peaking approximately 170 ms after stimulus onset (Bentin, Allison, Puce, Perez, & McCarthy, 1996), has been repeatedly found to be larger for other-relative to ownrace faces (e.g., Caharel et al, 2011;Cassidy, Boutsen, Humphreys, & Quinn, 2014;Herrmann et al, 2007;Herzmann, 2016;Montalan et al, 2013;Stahl, Wiese, & Schweinberger, 2008Walker, Silvert, Hewstone, & Nobre, 2008;Wiese, 2012Wiese, , 2013Wiese, Kaufmann, & Schweinberger, 2014). The N170 is usually assumed to reflect processes prior to the identification of individual faces, such as the detection of a face-like stimulus or structural encoding (Amihai, Deouell, & Bentin, 2011;Eimer, 2011;Schweinberger & Burton, 2003).…”

Do neural correlates of face expertise vary with task demands? Event-related potential correlates of own- and other-race face inversion

“…At first sight, the results of these studies are rather discrepant, with roughly half of them reporting no significant difference in N170 for own- vs. other-race faces (James et al, 2001; Caldara et al, 2003, 2004; Wiese et al, 2009; Vizioli et al, 2010a,b; Herzmann et al, 2011; Ofan et al, 2011, 2013; Chen et al, 2013), and the other half finding larger amplitudes for other- relative to own-race faces (Herrmann et al, 2007; Gajewski et al, 2008; Stahl et al, 2008, 2010; Walker et al, 2008; He et al, 2009; Balas and Nelson, 2010; Brebner et al, 2011; Caharel et al, 2011; Wiese, 2012; Montalan et al, 2013; Wiese et al, 2013). Importantly, it has been suggested that varying task demands may contribute to these discrepant findings (e.g., Ito and Bartholow, 2009; Caharel et al, 2011).…”

“…Only few studies on categorization tasks are available, and the present study aimed at adding further evidence to this least often tested task category 3 . (ii) A larger N170 FIE for own-race faces has been observed in tasks which either emphasized the processing of detailed facial information (Caharel et al, 2011; Montalan et al, 2013) or not (Vizioli et al, 2010a). Moreover, two further studies with superficial tasks did not find a larger FIE for own-race faces (Wiese et al, 2009; Chen et al, 2013).…”

“…Accordingly, one might expect a larger N170 FIE for own- relative to other-race faces. However, results on this issue are also mixed, with some studies showing larger N170 inversion effects for own-race faces (Vizioli et al, 2010a; Caharel et al, 2011; Montalan et al, 2013), whereas others do not (Wiese et al, 2009; Chen et al, 2013). As can be seen in Table 1, the number of relevant studies is relatively small to date, but an enhanced N170 FIE for own-race faces has been shown repeatedly in categorization tasks, while the situation with more superficial tasks is less clear.…”

The face evoked steady-state visual potentials are sensitive to the orientation, viewpoint, expression and configuration of the stimuli

“…While the majority of the studies compared ERPs to upright and inverted faces (for reviews, see Rossion and Gauthier, 2002;Rossion and Jacques, 2011), some of them applied a parametric manipulation of face orientation. These latter studies showed a gradual increase of the N170 amplitude and latency as the face was rotated away from the upright, and also a discontinuity in the modulation that was usually observed around the horizontal orientation Jemel et al, 2009;Magnuski and Gola, 2013;Montalan et al, 2013). ERPs in the time window of the N170 also correlated with behavioral performance in an individual face matching task employing multiple face orientations .…”