Investigation of equatorial plasma bubble irregularities under different geomagnetic conditions during the equinoxes and the occurrence of plasma bubble suppression

Timoçin, Erdinç; İnyurt, Samed; Temuçin, Hüseyin; Ansari, Kutubuddin; Jamjareegulgarn, Punyawi

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.08.007

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The enhancement of super storm IBIs during summer months within the pre-midnight and sunset periods during equinoxes is an interesting observation and needs further investigation. Although the authors of [70] observed an enhancement of the EPBs with the activity level within the post-sunset period (18:00-24:00 LT) during equinoxes, our division of post-sunset LTs into sunset (17:00-21:00 LT) and pre-midnight (21:00-24:00) periods shows deeper details regarding the exact LT enhancement of EPBs with respect to the storm type as shown in Figure 8.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

A Statistical Analysis of Plasma Bubbles Observed by Swarm Constellation during Different Types of Geomagnetic Storms

2021

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Based on the observations of Ionospheric Bubble Index (IBI) data from the Swarm mission, the characteristics of plasma bubbles are investigated during different types of geomagnetic storms recorded from 2014 to 2020. The geometrical constellation of the Swarm mission enabled us to investigate the altitudinal profile of the IBIs during different activity levels in a statistical mean. Results show that the majority of IBIs associated with moderate storms are observed at low altitudes and the probability of observing IBIs at high altitudes (Swarm-B) increases with the increase in storm level. This is confirmed by observing the F2 layer peak height (hmF2) during super storm events at larger altitudes using COSMIC data. The maximum number of IBIs is recorded within the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) region with a long duration time and tends to increase only during dusk time. Both the large duration time and number of IBIs over the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) suggest that the gradient in the electron density and the depression in the magnetic field are the main factors controlling IBI events. Also, the IBIs at high altitudes are larger at sunset and at low altitudes pre-midnight. In addition, the occurrence of IBIs is always larger in the northern hemisphere than in the southern hemisphere irrespective of the type of storm, as well as during the summer months. Moreover, there is no correlation between the duration time of IBIs and both the altitudinal observation of the IBIs and the storm type. Seasonal occurrence of IBIs is larger during equinoxes and vice versa during solstices irrespective of both the type of storm and the altitude of the satellite. The large number of IBIs during equinoxes agrees with the previous studies, which expect that the large electron density is a developer of steeper . Large occurrences of super storm IBIs observed within the pre-midnight during summer and at sunset during equinoxes are a novel observation that needs further investigation. Also, the majority of IBIs are observed a few hours after geomagnetic substorms, which reflects the role of the Disturbance Dynamo Electric Field (DDEF) as a main driver of IBIs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

A Statistical Analysis of Plasma Bubbles Observed by Swarm Constellation during Different Types of Geomagnetic Storms

2021

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“…These results agree with Becker-Guedes et al (2004) who proposed that geomagnetic activity inhibits plasma bubbles generation during high plasma bubbles occurrence season, and helps in the initiation process during low occurrence season. Timoçin et al (2020) investigated the behaviour of plasma bubble irregularities under different geomagnetic conditions during March 2015 and September 2017 at three low latitudes stations. They observed that the plasma bubble occurrence rate increased with geomagnetic activity, in concordance with our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have studied the occurrence of F region irregularities in the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest region in different longitudinal sectors, using data from a wide variety of diagnostic techniques: ionosonde, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), optical imaging techniques, radar observations and in situ satellite measurements (Cueva et al 2013;Li et al 2020;Muella et al 2010;Pietrella et al 2017;Reinisch et al 2004;Sahai et al 1994;Timoçin et al 2020). They found that multiple factors control the occurrence of irregularities such as the pre-reversal enhancement (PRE), seed perturbations, density gradient at the F layer bottom side and the trans-equatorial winds (Abdu et al 2020;Fejer et al 1999;Yokoyama et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spread-F characteristics at the southern anomaly crest in South America during the descending phase of solar cycle 24

González¹

2021

Preprint

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Ionospheric F-region irregularities can acutely affect navigation and communication systems. To develop predictive capabilities on their occurrence, it is key to understand their variabilities in a wide range of time scales. Previous studies at low latitudes in South America have been performed mostly for the eastern sector, and fewer efforts have been done in the Argentinian region. This work presents the analysis of the spread-F (range spread-F, frequency spread-F and strong spread-F) and plasma bubble occurrence characteristics near the southern crest of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (Tucumán, 26.8°S, 65.2°W; magnetic latitude 15.5°S). We used ionosonde and Global Positioning System (GPS) data from November 2014 to December 2019 for different solar and geomagnetic conditions. The data shows that spread-F and plasma bubble occurrence rates peak in summer and are minimum in equinox and winter, respectively. There is, usually, a negative correlation between each type of spread-F and solar activity, whereas the opposite happens for plasma bubbles. Geomagnetic activity suppresses the generation of spread-F in equinox and summer and enhances it in winter. Plasma bubble occurrence is higher during disturbed days than during quiet days, but under medium solar activity, summer months register more plasma bubbles in quiet conditions. Range spread-F observed in winter under low solar activity is not associated with plasma bubbles originated at the magnetic equator. These results contribute to the knowledge necessary to improve the prediction of the spatial and temporal distribution of the night-time ionospheric irregularities.

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“…It is a partially ionized medium due to the X and UV rays of solar radiation and the incidence of charged particles. Importantly, the local ionospheric delays at the low latitude region are affected by the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) and equatorial plasma bubbles (EPB), (Balan et al 2018;Timoçin et al 2020); hence, the actual delays differ from the Klobuchar model (Mallika et al 2020;Klobuchar 1987). To approximate the actual delays and the total electron content (TEC), most works focused on the estimation based on dual-frequency linear combinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance improvement of the GAGAN satellite-based augmentation system based on local ionospheric delay estimation in Thailand

et al. 2022

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Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS) is essential to support aircraft navigation. L1 SBAS operates on the L1 frequency (1575.42 MHz) and is currently still of interest since all GNSS satellites and receivers do not fully support additional frequencies such as L5 (1176.45 MHz). Although the Global Positioning System (GPS) aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) SBAS is available, the performances are degraded due to the discrepancies of the ionospheric correction over Thailand and surrounding areas. Hence, in this work, we propose a new method based on the geometry-free ionospheric delay estimation with a single frequency (L1) and a single reference station requirement. The local ionospheric delays are estimated based on the proposed method with the observed GPS and GAGAN data in Thailand. Then the ionospheric corrections are obtained from the estimated local ionospheric delays. The analysis shows that using the estimated corrections, the positioning errors are reduced both on quiet days and locally disturbed days in 2019. More reductions in the positioning errors are found in September and December than other months. In addition, we perform a preliminary availability assessment of two critical phases of flights. The GAGAN performances with the proposed method for the APV-I and LPV-200 categories are improved up to 57% and 53%, respectively, in comparison with the baseline method of the IGP correction.

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Investigation of equatorial plasma bubble irregularities under different geomagnetic conditions during the equinoxes and the occurrence of plasma bubble suppression

Cited by 24 publications

References 37 publications

A Statistical Analysis of Plasma Bubbles Observed by Swarm Constellation during Different Types of Geomagnetic Storms

A Statistical Analysis of Plasma Bubbles Observed by Swarm Constellation during Different Types of Geomagnetic Storms

Spread-F characteristics at the southern anomaly crest in South America during the descending phase of solar cycle 24

Performance improvement of the GAGAN satellite-based augmentation system based on local ionospheric delay estimation in Thailand

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