“…For example, regarding H-indices, shoulder and elbow FDs’ average H-index of 25.5 was higher than that of fellowship directors in adult reconstruction (16.5), spine (23.8), sports medicine (22.5), trauma (15.1), musculoskeletal oncology (21.6), foot and ankle (13.3), and pediatrics (17.2). 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 For comparison, Bastian et al. 37 reported in 2017 on academic orthopaedic surgery research productivity for assistant professors (3.6), associate professors (8.4), professors (15.1), and chairs (17.8).…”