Investigation of frequency effect on electrical fatigue and crack tip domain-switching behaviors in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.65Ti0.35O3 ceramics via synchrotron X-ray diffraction

In-situ observation of evolving microstructural damage and associated effective electro-mechanical properties of PZT during bipolar electrical fatigue

“…The observed decrease in polarization magnitude is a well-known phenomenon of bipolar electrical fatigue, which is often attributed to the agglomeration of point defects and the resulting obstruction of domain wall motion [11,[17][18][19][20][21]. The frequency dependence of the rate of degradation has also been observed before in various ferroelectric ceramics [11,12,42], and it is believed to be due to kinetic limitations. At higher frequencies, full switching may not occur, which reduces internal mechanical damage caused by lattice mismatch during 90 • -switching.…”

“…Chemical or structural causes of reduced domain switching include the pinning of domain walls at charged defects as well as at oxygen vacancies and other domain walls [11,[17][18][19][20][21][22], a decrease in nucleation sites for the formation of new domain walls [23,24], development of internal fields [25][26][27] and internal damage leading to conductive corrosion paths [28]. Mechanical causes of fatigue include macro-crack formation and delamination (particularly near interfaces), micro-cracking within the body (especially along grain boundaries and regions of high internal stresses), as well as domain pinning due to mechanical stresses [5,10,12,29].…”

“…It is well-established that the progression of crack growth and mechanical damage depend strongly on the cycling frequency of the bias electric field, as is the evolution of the ferroelectric hysteresis and butterfly curve during fatigue. Even though those effects have been qualitatively observed [10][11][12], they have not been quantified in a systematic fashion.…”

Fatigue endurance enhancement of Sn-doped Pb(Lu1/2Nb1/2)O3–PbTiO3 ceramics

“…8 Many researchers have studied the fatigue behavior of Pbbased ferroelectrics in recent years. [9][10][11][12][13] Many mechanisms and methods have been proposed to study the nature of electric fatigue: defect agglomeration, 14 eld screening resulting from surface damage, 15 local phase decomposition 16 and so on. Most of these mechanisms are based on these two steps: rst, cyclic electric eld induces a creation of imperfections or a redistribution of intrinsic imperfections; second, the subsequent imperfections affect the reversible polarization.…”

“…This fatigue endurance is very weak compared with PMNT ceramics, the P r of which keeps nearly stationary even up to 10 4 cycles. 10 Hence it is very necessary to enhance the fatigue endurance of 0.51PLN–0.49PT ceramics to make them more reliable. In this work, SnO 2 was chosen as the dopant to obtain acceptor-doped 0.51PLN–0.49PT ceramics because there were many good works about Sn-doping in ferroelectrics like BaTiO 3 , 34 Pb(Ti 0.65 Zr 0.35 )O 3 ( ref.…”