Investigation of friction mechanisms during the sliding of elastomers against hard parallel-ridge textures

Darden, Matthew A.; Schwartz, Christian J.

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2012.01.005

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In all cases, the friction coefficient decreased exponentially in the low-load region and then decreased linearly with increasing load. Regardless of the friction test conditions (i. e., the sliding direction and sliding speed of the finger), S. Derler et al and M. A. Darden et al obtained results similar to those of the present study [7,16]. On the other hand, Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Friction Characteristics of Fingertips Slid on the Molecular-Layer-Coated Solid Surfaces with Different Layer Formation State

2016

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Friction characteristics of a finger pad sliding on a Si surface coated with organic molecular films, such as octadecyltrichrolosilane (OTS)-SAM and perfluoropolyethers (PFPE), having different film thicknesses were investigated to reveal the effect of film formation state on finger friction. The contact area of the finger pad was also measured using a black ink stamp to elucidate the interfacial phenomena between the finger pad and the surface. The results show that the friction coefficient of the finger decreased with increasing film thickness. This suggests that the friction coefficient was probably affected by surface conditions such as film formation state, even though the difference in film thickness was only a few nanometers. Assuming that the contact area remained unchanged while the finger slid across the surface, a linear relationship between the friction force and the contact area of the finger was observed. The slope of this approximately linear relationship was taken as the shear strength of the interface. The results demonstrated that the shear strength decreased as the film thickness of the coating on the Si surface increased; thus, the interfacial state of the solid was the dominant factor in determining the friction characteristics of the finger pad.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Friction Characteristics of Fingertips Slid on the Molecular-Layer-Coated Solid Surfaces with Different Layer Formation State

2016

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“…Surface recognition is deciphered by the cutaneous sensory neurons from the specific movement made by our finger during active touch (Fagiani et al, 2012). The touch perception is greatly influenced by the friction generated between the fingertip and counter-surfaces (Darden and Schwartz, 2013;Klatzky and Pawluk, 2013;Skedung et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the sliding direction against a grooved channel texture on tool steel: An experimental study on tactile friction

Zhang

Urribarri

Hurtado

et al. 2015

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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a b s t r a c tTo control tactile friction, that is the friction between fingertip and counter-body, the role of surface texture is required to be unveiled and defined. In this research, an experimental approach is used based on measuring tactile friction for directional texture (grooved channel) with varying depths. For a reference surface, in this current case a polished surface from the same tool steel is compared. The experimental results are analyzed to explain the observed skin friction behavior as a function of surface texture parameters, sliding direction and applied normal load. Sliding parallel to the groove length shows greater values in COF than sliding perpendicular to the groove direction. Furthermore, parallel sliding reveals a higher dependency of COF on the depth of the grooved channel texture than perpendicular sliding. Application of the two term friction model suggests that the adhesion component of friction has greater impact on parallel than perpendicular sliding direction. According to the observations, grooved channels are well suited to control skin friction in direction dependent sliding, for moderately loaded contact situations. This experimental research contributes to the haptic perception related research, and to the development of other direction-dependent surface structures for touch.

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“…Greenwood et al investigated this very issue by developing a macro-friction model to describe the hysteresis, or deformation component of friction caused by hard, spherical sliders against a bulk elastomeric surface [15]. Studies have been performed by investigating skin on macro-textured surfaces such as ridge and groove patterns [13,16], but these geometries are somewhat too complex to be directly addressed using existing hysteresis models such as Tabor's. A fundamental understanding of skin sliding against a simple geometry, such as a braille dot, must first be established in order to explain the frictional behavior in more complex situations such as full braille text.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin tribology phenomena associated with reading braille print: The influence of cell patterns and skin behavior on coefficient of friction

Darden

Schwartz

2015

Wear

Self Cite

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a b s t r a c tEfficient transmission of tactile information is vital for individuals who rely on their sense of touch to interact with and navigate their surroundings, including visually impaired persons. Somatosensory phenomena have been investigated with respect to surface topologies and neuron sensitivities in the skin, but there is little knowledge of the specific skin tribology when reading tactual-coded information such as braille. Braille is a tactual code that employs raised dome-shaped dots in six-position cells (2 columns by 3 rows per cell), with various dot patterns representing individual text characters, punctuation or mathematical operators. Due to the hypothesized significance of friction on tactile sensitivity, the authors investigated the effect of basic braille dot configurations on friction coefficient in fingertip sliding. Initial studies investigated the effect of multiple dot-row configurations and media type on friction coefficient, but the tribological effect of individual features and associated skin interactions was ill-defined. Subsequently, the frictional effect of an individual dot of varying radius was investigated and modeled against a multi-term frictional model implementing Hertzian contact, the GreenwoodTabor hysteresis component of a spherical indenter against a soft surface, as well as Wolfram's traditional adhesion model. The results of the study show that macro-scale deformation of the fingerpad during fingertip-on-dot sliding is the primary friction mechanism and suggest that the contribution due to a macroscopic feature is largely independent of sample medium. Based on this understanding, the effect of braille dot spacing on a dot's friction contribution was investigated. The results from the spacing study indicate that the fingerpad's interaction with dot pairs is highly influenced by dot feature spacing. Further work is necessary to identify the fundamental sliding mechanics at the finger-dot interface, but the ability to identify the frictional mechanisms as well as the sliding interactions will provide a means to understand how much of a role friction plays in braille character recognition, as well as suggest potential friction-based methods to enhance the information density of braille codes.

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Investigation of friction mechanisms during the sliding of elastomers against hard parallel-ridge textures

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Friction Characteristics of Fingertips Slid on the Molecular-Layer-Coated Solid Surfaces with Different Layer Formation State

Friction Characteristics of Fingertips Slid on the Molecular-Layer-Coated Solid Surfaces with Different Layer Formation State

The role of the sliding direction against a grooved channel texture on tool steel: An experimental study on tactile friction

Skin tribology phenomena associated with reading braille print: The influence of cell patterns and skin behavior on coefficient of friction

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