Investigation of Friction Mechanisms of Siped Tire Tread Blocks on Snowy and Icy Surfaces

Abstract

REFERENCE: S. Ripka, H. Lind, M. Wangenheim, J. Wallaschek, K. Wiese, and B. Wies “Investigation of Friction Mechanisms of Siped Tire Tread Blocks on Snowy and Icy Surfaces,” Tire Science and Technology, TSTCA, Vol. 40, No. 1, January–March 2012, pp. 1–24. ABSTRACT: Due to general safety reasons and an increasing individual demand on more traffic safety, winter tires have become more and more important. This evolution results in a rising requirement of the customers concerning the tire performance on the one hand, and the effort of the tire industry to improve the tire traction performance on snow and ice on the other hand. To engineer winter tires in an effective way, the friction influencing factors as well as the contact mechanics should be well known. Normally the design and development of tires is strongly based on vehicle tests, but in modern tire development processes the simulation as well as the experimental investigation of tires and tire components in the lab have become more popular. This strategy plays an especially important role for reducing the time of development cycles but also the development costs. With simulation and experiments in lab, new challenges come up which have to be solved. Lab experiments compete with totally different problems: First of all, the environmental influences like temperature and humidity have to be controlled. Furthermore, the test tracks used inside must be comparable to the proving ground outside, hence the properties of snow and ice have to be investigated in detail. Therefore not only is it very important to understand the formation of snow and ice, but also to find characteristics of both materials which can be identified and measured with mobile measurement devices outside on the test track and inside in the lab. Within this publication a general overview of the tire tread block test method as well as the test rig, which are used for identifying relevant tread block friction mechanisms on snow and ice, will be given. The results of the measurement will be shown and the acting friction phenomena will be explained.

Simulation and Investigation of Tire Tread Blocks Interaction with Ice

“…Tačiau automobilio padanga yra sudėtingas inžinerinis objektas, susidedantis iš keleto sluoksnių. Siekiant supaprastinti padangos sąveikos tyrimus, dažnai nagrinėjami atskiri padangos fragmentai (Ripka et al 2012). Dažniausiai tai būna nes sumažėja adhezijos jėga.…”

Thermogprahic Researches of Tire Interaction With Ice / Automobilio Padangos Sąveikos Su Ledu Termografiniai Tyrimai

“…Padangos protektoriaus raštas yra sudarytas iš protektoriaus blokų su įpjovomis, padidinančiomis sukibimą. Teigiama įpjovų įtaka ant ledu padengtos kelio dangos įrodyta mokslininkų Ripka et al (2012).…”

Optimization of the tire ice traction using combined Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm and neural network

“…Furthermore, The Advanced Vehicle Dynamics Lab at Virginia Tech owns a groundbreaking test facility known as the terramechanics device, developed by Sandu et al [9]. Finally, the Rig-Hilite developed by Ripka et al [10] is hosted by the Institute of Dynamics and Vibration Research at the Leibniz University in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. Many facilities perform outdoor testing of tires on icy roads by doing so on terrains such as frozen bodies of water and parking lots [11].…”