Investigation of ground and excited state photophysical properties of gadolinium phthalocyanine

Vivas, Marcelo G.; Boni, Leonardo De; Gaffo, Luciana; Mendonça, Cleber Renato

doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.10.026

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Phthalocyanines bearing indium, gallium, thallium, lead and gadolinium have also been studied on the optical limiting point of view [34][35][36][37]. The nonlinear optical effects (excited state absorption cross-section) presented here are on the same order of magnitude of those reported in the literature [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Excited State Absorption Cross-section: Z-scansupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The nonlinear optical effects (excited state absorption cross-section) presented here are on the same order of magnitude of those reported in the literature [34][35][36][37]. For example, Yuksek and coworkers [34] studied indium and gallium phthalocyanines in solution and in a co-polymer host using 4-ns laser pulses at 532 nm to obtain optical limiting.…”

Section: Excited State Absorption Cross-section: Z-scansupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Interestingly, the shape of the excited state absorption cross-section observed in [36] is very similar to the ones presented in this work. Gadolinium phthalocyanines dissolved in toluene have been studied by Vivas et al [37] by using fs Z-scan to obtain the excited state absorption cross-section. At 530 nm, they measured a ratio between the ground and excited state absorption cross-section of about two (two-times smaller than the results presented here), although the highest ratio (~4) observed in [37] occurs around 500 nm.…”

Section: Excited State Absorption Cross-section: Z-scanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gadolinium phthalocyanines dissolved in toluene have been studied by Vivas et al [37] by using fs Z-scan to obtain the excited state absorption cross-section. At 530 nm, they measured a ratio between the ground and excited state absorption cross-section of about two (two-times smaller than the results presented here), although the highest ratio (~4) observed in [37] occurs around 500 nm. In the present work, however, it was possible to discriminate each individual pathway for an excited molecule, passing though excited singlet and triplet states.…”

Section: Excited State Absorption Cross-section: Z-scanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanism of the Zn(II)Phthalocyanines’ Photochemical Reactions Depending on the Number of Substituents and Geometry

et al. 2016

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Abstract:In this work, the synthesis and the nonlinear absorption and population dynamics investigation of a series of zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) dissolved in chloroform are reported. In order to determine the relevant spectroscopic parameters, such as absorption cross-sections of singlet and triplet excited states, fluorescence relaxation times, intersystem crossing, radiative decay and internal conversion, different optical and spectroscopic techniques were used. By single pulse and pulse train Z-scan techniques, respectively, singlet and triplet excited states' absorption cross-section were determined at 532 nm. Furthermore, the intersystem crossing time was obtained by using both techniques combined with the fluorescence lifetime determined by time-resolved fluorescence. The radiative and internal conversion rates were determined from the fluorescence quantum yield of the samples. Such spectroscopy parameters are fundamental for selecting photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy, as well as for many other applications.

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Section: Excited State Absorption Cross-section: Z-scansupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Excited State Absorption Cross-section: Z-scansupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Excited State Absorption Cross-section: Z-scanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Excited State Absorption Cross-section: Z-scanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanism of the Zn(II)Phthalocyanines’ Photochemical Reactions Depending on the Number of Substituents and Geometry

et al. 2016

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“…Studies have shown that Pcs containing paramagnetic central metals such as GdPc exhibit strong excited state absorption (ESA) [50] between 460 and 600 nm, in spite of the paramagnetic nature. The NLO behavior of 2a and 2b may therefore be based on this phenomena.…”

Section: Optical Limiting Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The optical limiting of blue and green ytterbium double-decker phthalocyanines in solution and in poly(acrylic acid) as thin films

Sekhosana

Nyokong

2016

Inorganica Chimica Acta

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Large Transmittance Change Induced by Exciton Accumulation under Weak Continuous Photoexcitation

Hirata

Vácha

2015

Advanced Optical Materials

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optical modulation over large areas, these changes are potentially suitable for applications such as real-time holograms, [ 6 ] light-beam modulation for continuouswave lasers, and security media.Another possible approach to achieve large optical modulations under weak incoherent photoexcitation is through the accumulation of triplet excitons in materials, which can infl uence various physical properties such as absorption, [ 10 ] refractive index, [ 11 ] and magnetic properties. [ 12 ] Unlike the short lifetime of singlet excitons, [ 13 ] the lifetime of triplet excitons is long because the transition from the lowest triplet excited state (T 1 ) to the ground state (S 0 ) is intrinsically forbidden. [ 14 ] However, the accumulation of triplet excitons has been accomplished only by irradiation with strongly amplifi ed light pulses, such as neodymium-yttriumaluminum-garnet lasers and strong fl ash lamps. [ 15 ] This is because the lifetime of triplet excitons in organic compounds is generally shorter than a millisecond at room temperature (RT) in the presence of oxygen, as they are typically deactivated by molecular motion [ 16 ] and oxygen quenching. [ 17 ] We recently discovered that various aromatic carbon materials doped in amorphous hydroxyl steroidal compounds show T 1 lifetimes longer than 1 s at RT in air because of the rigidity and high oxygen barrier of the hydroxyl steroidal host. [ 18 ] In addition, optical limiting devices that operate under weak continuous incoherent photoexcitation in the presence of oxygen through the accumulation of long-lived RT triplet excitons have been demonstrated. [ 19 ] Therefore, it is anticipated that the triplet excitons of guests can be effectively accumulated in transparent amorphous fi lms of certain host-guest materials under weak continuous incoherent excitation light to trigger a large photoresponsive transmittance change of the fi lms.Here, we demonstrate photoresponsive neutral density fi lters for the whole range of visible light using the accumulation of long-lived RT triplet excitons under weak continuous photoexcitation. Transparent host-guest fi lms composed of a secondary amino-substituted deuterated aromatic carbon material as a guest and β-estradiol as an amorphous hydroxy steroidal host are prepared as photoresponsive optical fi lters. The guest shows no ground-state absorption but effi cient broad triplet-triplet (T-T) absorption of visible light, which is caused by the moderate charge transfer (CT) characteristics of the T-T absorption. In addition, the RT triplet lifetime ( τ ) of the guest in the host Excited-state absorption of materials is caused by instantaneous accumulation of excitons when irradiated with a high-intensity laser pulse. If excitons can be accumulated by irradiation with weak continuous incoherent light at room temperature (RT) in air, then excited-state absorption can be obtained over a large area, which is potentially useful for a variety of optical applications. Here, photoresponsive transmittance control using long-lived...

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Investigation of ground and excited state photophysical properties of gadolinium phthalocyanine

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Mechanism of the Zn(II)Phthalocyanines’ Photochemical Reactions Depending on the Number of Substituents and Geometry

Mechanism of the Zn(II)Phthalocyanines’ Photochemical Reactions Depending on the Number of Substituents and Geometry

The optical limiting of blue and green ytterbium double-decker phthalocyanines in solution and in poly(acrylic acid) as thin films

Large Transmittance Change Induced by Exciton Accumulation under Weak Continuous Photoexcitation

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