Investigation of Hardening Measures for IT Equipment against Radiated and Conducted IEMI

Brauer, F.; Fahlbusch, Sebastian; Haseborg, J.L. ter; Potthast, S.

doi:10.1109/temc.2012.2183134

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The expressions (5)(6) were used to calculate the τ i values for structure 1 of the reflection symmetric MF (Figure 6a) with the parameters obtained after multicriteria optimization. The results of calculating τ i using the TALGAT software and analytical expressions are compared in Table 8.…”

Section: Analytical Expressions For Calculating Modal Per-unit-lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that as the structure is symmetric (Figure 6a) with respect to the vertical and horizontal axes, the diagonal elements of matrix A are the same a 11 = a 22 = a 33 = a 44 and there is a pairwise equality of elements outside the main diagonal (a 12 = a 34 and a 13 = a 24 ). Finally, matrix A turns out to be symmetric, since it is a product of symmetric and commutative matrices L and C: In addition, by simplifying expressions (5,6), it is possible to obtain analytical expressions in a short form for the reflection symmetric MF:…”

Section: Analytical Expressions For Calculating Modal Per-unit-lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, it is important to protect computers from interference originating in power lines [4]. Recent investigations have shown the possibility of interrupting the normal functioning of IT networks through high-power electromagnetic interference via the power lines [5] and the local area network cables [6]. The analysis of the impact of a commercially available powerful source of damped sinusoids on a computer network was presented in [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Reflection Symmetry to Improve the Protection of Radio-Electronic Equipment from Ultrashort Pulses

et al. 2019

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The paper considers the protection of critical radio-electronic equipment (REE) from ultrashort pulses (USP) by means of modal filters (MFs). A new approach to improve modal filtration by using reflection symmetry is analyzed. The results of a sophisticated research into protective devices based on reflection symmetric MFs are presented: improving the characteristics of four MFs through optimization both by one and simultaneously by several criteria; calculating the per-unit-length time delays matrix of a reflection symmetric MF using the obtained analytical expressions; calculating the time and frequency responses of an MF with and without losses in conductors and dielectric; developing the laboratory evaluation board; analyzing the effect of moisture protection on the characteristics; analyzing the features of reflection symmetry structures; comparing microstrip and reflection symmetric four-conductor MFs. The obtained results allow us to argue that the reflection symmetric MF protects REE from a USP due to its decomposition into a sequence of pulses with pairwise equalized voltage amplitudes and close time intervals between decomposition pulses with an attenuation coefficient of four times with a controlled bandwidth of a useful signal. This research helps take advantage of the possibilities of using the symmetry to improve modal filtering and opens the ways to create a large number of new MF designs, applying only the principles of the symmetry described in the work.

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Section: Analytical Expressions For Calculating Modal Per-unit-lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Expressions For Calculating Modal Per-unit-lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Reflection Symmetry to Improve the Protection of Radio-Electronic Equipment from Ultrashort Pulses

et al. 2019

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“…In addition, Dr. William Radasky extensively studied IEMI threats and ways to reduce the risk of its impact [12]. For instance, to reduce the risk of wired attacks, it is recommended to pass all the cables entering a home through a specially designed surge arrested and a filter protection device attached to a low-inductance grounding system which will provide a level of protection against an IEMI [20]. In regards to wireless attacks, the most efficient way to reduce the impact of an IEMI is to put as much distance between a perpetrator and a Smart Home because the signal strength from the IEMI generator will attenuate greatly with traveled distance.…”

Section: Imei Defense Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of a Smart Home to Intentional Electromagnetic Interference Attacks

Davlyatov¹,

Mahfouz²,

Jones³

et al. 2015

NN-EEE

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Technology advancements are shaping the construction industry gradually. Smart homes have become a reality and insome cases a trend due to these advancements. Although the literature includes multitude of efforts addressing the technologies used in smart homes, integration processes, and privacy issues, little exists about their vulnerability to Intentional ElectroMagnetic Interference (IEMI). In an attempt to address this gap, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the proliferation of smart home technologies, their susceptibility to IEMI attacks, currently available mechanisms of defense, and to provide a cost assessment model of the most suited protection approaches to be adopted by the construction industry. To that end, the adopted research methodology collected and analyzed a set of relevant peer reviewed publication within the domain, and developed different construction cost estimates utilizing standard reference books, like RSMeans, and direct contact with system suppliers. The outcomes of the aforementioned methodology yielded two potential protection methods, namely full protection of the home shell; and partial protection for essential components while providing a detection system of potential attacks. The average achieved costs per square foot range from $7.91 to $20.11 depending on the selection of material and type of finish. It is instigated that the outcomes of this research provide a much needed knowledge about the propensity of smart homes to IMEI attacks and provide a guidance cost estimate for protection mechanism. It also provides a better understanding for home owners regarding their decisions.

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“…In recent years, growing attention has been paid to the threat posed by high power microwaves (HPM), and other kind of high power electromagnetic (HPEM) environments, against the operation of important electronic systems of the civil infrastructure [1,2]. The susceptibilities of electric equipment to HPM have been reported using HPM test facilities [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of notebook computers to HPM

Murata

Hoshina

Hatori

2014

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

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In this paper, we evaluate the susceptibility of notebook computers to high power microwave (HPM) pulses. We have developed a HPM test instrument with stripline structure. The structures of the test instrument are investigated through finite-difference time domain (FDTD) analysis to get homogeneous electromagnetic fields inside the instrument. The developed instrument can apply a 2.7 kV/m electric field below 3 GHz with using a 100 W power amplifier. The stripline instrument is an open structure, which can easily apply electric fields to a specific part of notebook computers. The HPM pulses were applied to the main body of notebook computers. We obtained the frequencies of the HPM pulses at which the notebook computer operation has failed. Radiated susceptibility tests were also carried out on notebook computers with an antenna. The computer failure frequencies of the test instrument agree with the failure frequencies from observed during the radiated susceptibility test. Our test instrument is useful for preliminary test of notebook computers and for investigating the effective HPM pulse condition.

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Investigation of Hardening Measures for IT Equipment against Radiated and Conducted IEMI

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Using Reflection Symmetry to Improve the Protection of Radio-Electronic Equipment from Ultrashort Pulses

Using Reflection Symmetry to Improve the Protection of Radio-Electronic Equipment from Ultrashort Pulses

Susceptibility of a Smart Home to Intentional Electromagnetic Interference Attacks

Susceptibility of notebook computers to HPM

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