Investigation of how pressure influences the thermal decomposition behavior of azodicarbonamide

Guo, Rui-Lei; Liu, Shang-Hao; Lu, Yiming

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2023.105062

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the case of the AZ blowing agent, depicted in Figure e, there were yellow impurities on the outer surface of the sample, which would detach from the mold surface. This occurrence was attributed to the presence of small amounts of low-molecular compounds, such as biurea, urazol, and cyanic acid. , These low-molecular-weight compounds had a corrosive effect on the mold and contributed to the sticky molding phenomenon. In contrast, for the PAZ blowing agent, the sticking issue was significantly inhibited.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This occurrence was attributed to the presence of small amounts of low-molecular compounds, such as biurea, urazol, and cyanic acid. 42 , 43 These low-molecular-weight compounds had a corrosive effect on the mold and contributed to the sticky molding phenomenon. In contrast, for the PAZ blowing agent, the sticking issue was significantly inhibited.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the exothermic reaction of AZ decomposition gives rise to some secondary reactions and generates low-molecular-weight compounds such as biurea, urazol, and cyanic acid. Cyanic acid further exacerbates the issue. , These reactions often lead to the PE foam product sticking to the mold, compromising the product quality. In summary, a specialized blowing agent for PE resin is an urgent requirement in rotational foaming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cyanic acid further exacerbates the issue. 42 , 43 These reactions often lead to the PE foam product sticking to the mold, compromising the product quality. In summary, a specialized blowing agent for PE resin is an urgent requirement in rotational foaming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significantly Tunable Foaming Behavior of Blowing Agent for the Polyethylene Foam Resin with a Unique Designed Blowing Agent System

Chen,

Huang

2024

ACS Omega

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The chemical blowing agent plays a crucial role in enhancing the performance of the polyethylene (PE) foaming resin during the rotational foaming process. Previously, the conventional blowing agent of the PE resin commonly used pure azodicarbonamide (AZ). It had the unavoidable drawbacks of releasing NH 3 and exhibiting strong reactions during the rotational foaming process. Meantime, pure AZ had a relatively high decomposition temperature, resulting in a sharp foaming process. To address the above issues, this work developed a uniquely designed blowing agent system. In this study, a novel blowing agent for the PE resin was successfully synthesized by a one-pot method. This blowing agent consisted of an activator and AZ, which exhibited a lower decomposition temperature and a milder decomposition rate than AZ. The activator was constituted of small-sized ammonium dihydrogen phosphate on the AZ surface, which could be decomposed properly and deliver phosphoric acid and H 2 O during the foaming process. Then, AZ reacted with H 2 O under phosphoric acid catalysis. Also, this reaction generated CO 2 emission while reducing the emission of NH 3 through recombination with phosphoric acid. Moreover, phosphoric acid catalysis caused a decrease in the AZ decomposition temperature. Meantime, the thermal coupling appeared during the foaming process, which could further reduce the decomposition rate. Consequently, the small activator played a key role in regulating cell formation and diffusion. Compared to AZ, the novel blowing agent system significantly reduced the cell diameter of the PE foam resin and enhanced its flexural modulus by 50%. Furthermore, the novel blowing agent facilitated better demolding performance and improved the surface morphology of the PE foam product. This research provides significant foaming behavior regulation for the PE resin during industrial applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Significantly Tunable Foaming Behavior of Blowing Agent for the Polyethylene Foam Resin with a Unique Designed Blowing Agent System

Chen,

Huang

2024

ACS Omega

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Investigating the Effects of Temperature, Azodicarbonamide, Boron Nitride, and Multilayer Film/Foam Coextrusion on the Properties of a Poly(Hydroxyalkanoate)/Poly(Lactic acid) Blend

Yousefi,

Wnek,

Gomez Jimenez

et al. 2024

J Polym Environ

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Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) are emerging as sustainable materials in packaging and medical device industries. Nevertheless, the high cost and the need to improve the mechanical properties have limited their widespread use. Blending with other bio-based polymers, such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), has been proposed in previous studies. This study investigates the effects of temperature, azodicarbonamide (AZ, foaming agent), boron nitride (BN, filler), and multilayer film/foam coextrusion on the properties of a blend containing an amorphous PHA and PLA. The effect of twin-screw micro-compounder temperature (185 °C & 205 °C) and BN concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 wt% (185 °C) on the properties of the PHA/PLA blend were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and tensile testing. Design of experiments (DoE) was used to find the optimal concentrations of AZ and BN (205 °C) using JMP® software. The response surface analysis predicted an optimal design based on the target response levels (modulus, tensile strength, strain at break, and toughness). This formulation was prepared and characterized using DSC, TGA, tensile, and melt flow index (MFI) measurements. Finally, this formulation was processed via film/foam coextrusion and examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and density measurements. This study demonstrated that AZ and BN can be used to manipulate the mechanical properties and crystallinity of PHA/PLA blends, while reducing the overall material cost via density reduction (20–21% for the optimal formulation). Furthermore, reducing the concentration of AZ using the I-optimal design in this study could alleviate the toxicity concerns for food packaging.

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Different effects of Al on the decomposition of HATO under non-isothermal and adiabatic conditions

Wang,

Shao,

Chen

et al. 2024

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Investigation of how pressure influences the thermal decomposition behavior of azodicarbonamide

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Significantly Tunable Foaming Behavior of Blowing Agent for the Polyethylene Foam Resin with a Unique Designed Blowing Agent System

Significantly Tunable Foaming Behavior of Blowing Agent for the Polyethylene Foam Resin with a Unique Designed Blowing Agent System

Investigating the Effects of Temperature, Azodicarbonamide, Boron Nitride, and Multilayer Film/Foam Coextrusion on the Properties of a Poly(Hydroxyalkanoate)/Poly(Lactic acid) Blend

Different effects of Al on the decomposition of HATO under non-isothermal and adiabatic conditions

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