Investigation of hypercalcemia

Endres, David B.

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.04.025

Cited by 75 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Chronically elevated PTH increases bone resorption. The net effects are an increase in serum Ca levels and a decrease in serum phosphate (8,9). Primary hyperparathyroidism may stem from an excess PTH production (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypercalcemic Crisis due to Primary Hyperparathyroidism Occurring Concomitantly with Graves' Disease

et al. 2015

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We herein describe a case of hypercalcemic crisis in a 52-year-old Japanese woman. She suffered from thirst and fatigue for one month. Her serum calcium (a) levels were 19.0 mg/dL, and she was diagnosed with hypercalcemic crisis. Circulating levels of parathyroid and thyroid hormones were elevated. She was diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism accompanied by Graves' disease. Thyroparathyroidectomy was performed after circulating levels of Ca and thyroid hormones were normalized. Both of primary hyperparathyroidism and Graves' disease can contribute and accelerate hypercalcemia, resulting in a state of crisis. The possibility of their coexistence should therefore be taken into consideration in cases of hypercalcemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypercalcemic Crisis due to Primary Hyperparathyroidism Occurring Concomitantly with Graves' Disease

et al. 2015

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“…Only ionized calcium is considered physiologically active. Previous studies have suggested that ionized calcium is more sensitive and specific than total or corrected calcium for the diagnosis of hypercalcemia 6 . Overall, there is a good correlation between ionized calcium and total calcium in determining calcium homeostasis.…”

Section: Calcium Biochemistry and Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory approaches for the diagnosis and assessment of hypercalcemia

Meng

Wagar

2014

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences

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Calcium, the fifth most common element in the body, plays major physiological functions. Measurement of blood calcium is one of the most commonly ordered laboratory tests in assessments of calcium homeostasis and disease diagnosis. Hypercalcemia is an increased level of calcium in the blood. This disorder is most commonly caused by primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy. However, other less common causes of elevated calcium levels need to be considered when making a differential diagnosis. This review is intended to provide readers with a better understanding of calcium homeostasis and the causes and pathophysiology of hypercalcemia. Most importantly, this review describes useful approaches for laboratory scientists and clinicians to appropriately diagnose and assess hypercalcemia.

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“…Calcium status is most commonly measured using total calcium and/or albumin-adjusted calcium, although ionized "free" calcium provides greater specificity and sensitivity for calcium disturbances in HPT. 28 Identifying and evaluating symptoms exclusive to LHPT is a clinical challenge and can lead to considerable delay in diagnosis. 14 The classical symptoms relating to primary (sporadic) HPT (pHPT), largely severe osteoporosis or renal dysfunction, are rarely seen today in industrial nations, whereas more diffuse symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, or mild psychiatric impediments are more common.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,9,[32][33][34] Hitherto, to our knowledge, few studies in English have calculated the level of prevalence of LHPT based on a larger population treated with lithium. 5,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In this study, we present a working definition for LHPT and have aimed to determine the prevalence of LHPT in 2 geographically defined, equivalent populations in central Sweden.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Lithium-Associated Hyperparathyroidism in a Large Swedish Population Attending Psychiatric Outpatient Units

Meehan¹,

Humble²,

Yazarloo³

et al. 2015

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology

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The prevalence of LHPT is high and often goes undetected. Vitamin D insufficiency is common as is polypharmacy. Surgery, for unclear reasons, has not been performed extensively, possibly because of limited knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology or surgery's significance. We present standard recommendations on patient management and suggest continual, specific follow-up including the monitoring of calcium, PTH, and vitamin D at least annually. Surgery should be considered with intention to improve psychiatric well-being and provide multiorgan protection.

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Investigation of hypercalcemia

Cited by 75 publications

References 97 publications

Hypercalcemic Crisis due to Primary Hyperparathyroidism Occurring Concomitantly with Graves' Disease

Hypercalcemic Crisis due to Primary Hyperparathyroidism Occurring Concomitantly with Graves' Disease

Laboratory approaches for the diagnosis and assessment of hypercalcemia

The Prevalence of Lithium-Associated Hyperparathyroidism in a Large Swedish Population Attending Psychiatric Outpatient Units

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