Investigation of Immunmodulatory effects of levamisole and vitamin E on Immunity and some blood parameters in newborn Jersey calves

Pekmezci, Didem; Çakiroğlu, Duygu

doi:10.1007/s11259-009-9220-9

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…According to the result in table 1 we found that in group of LMS, WBC decreased after 21 day but was not statistically significant. This result was similar to those of Pekmezci and Cakiroglu (2009), Shah et al (2011) and Raina and Sachar (2014). In zinc group, the level of WBC decreased but was not statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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The Effect of Used Immunostimulating Drugs with FMD Vaccine on Immunoglobulins in Sheep

Abdullah¹,

Başbuğan

2020

Van Veterinary Journal

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In this study, the effect of used immunostimulating drugs with FMD vaccine on immunoglobulins was aimed to investigate in sheep. For this purpose 40 healthy sheep were divided into 4 groups. Blood and serum samples were taken from all animals from 0 days before the study. Blood samples were measured immediately, and IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE and Zn values from biochemical parameters were stored for measurement. Group I was applied only FMD vaccine, group II Levamisole with the FMD vaccine, group III Zinc with FMD vaccine and the last group IV AD3E was applied with FMD vaccine. After 21 days, blood and serum samples from all groups were taken again and hematologic and IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE and Zn values were compared according to the values of day 0. No statistical difference was found between the groups except for PLT in hematological parameters (p> 0, 05) when compared to pre-vaccination and post-vaccination. In groups II and III there was a significant increase in PLT levels. Biochemical analysis showed IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE levels to be higher in IgG (p <0, 05) and IgE (p <0,001) in groups II and III when levels compared to before vaccination. There were statistically significant increases in IgM (p <0.05) in group IV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Level of WBC not changed AD3E group after 21 day. This result was similar to those of Pekmezci and Cakiroglu (2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Effect of Used Immunostimulating Drugs with FMD Vaccine on Immunoglobulins in Sheep

Abdullah¹,

Başbuğan

2020

Van Veterinary Journal

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“…The downregulating effect of GO on LEVA-induced serum IL-5 levels and gene expression in circulating leukocytes and the thymus is concordant with its recently reported anti-allergic effects (31). LEVA-induced IgG and IgM elevation provided evidence for the immunostimulatory effect of LEVA, and is in agreement with its effect on calves (32). The normalizing effects of GO on LEVA-induced IgG and IgM elevation indicated its immunomodulatory effect, and is in agreement with its lowering effect on IgG and IgM in human patients (33).…”

Section: A B C D E F G H I Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Modulatory effects of levamisole and garlic oil on the immune response of Wistar rats: Biochemical, immunohistochemical, molecular and immunological study

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Levamisole (LEVA) and garlic are prevalent immunomodulators in humans and animals. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the immunomodulatory effects of LEVA and garlic oil (GO) alone or in combination on the immune response of Wistar rats. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were allocated into four equal groups: Control group, which was given ad libitum access to food and water; and groups 2-4, which were orally administered LEVA [2.5 mg/kg body weight (BW) every 2 days], GO, (5 ml/kg BW daily), or LEVA plus GO, respectively for 4 consecutive weeks. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM levels were measured using a radial immunodiffusion assay. Serum cytokine levels, including interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-5 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Total blood counts were measured automatically using a cell counter. Serum lysozyme enzymatic activity was determined by measuring the diameters of the zones of clearance relative to lysozyme. Immunohistochemical detection of CD4 and CD8 was carried out using the streptavidin-biotinperoxidase method. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-12 were measured in the leukocytes and thymus gland by semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that LEVA increased serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-5 and TNF-α cytokines, whereas co-administration of LEVA and GO decreased the stimulatory action of LEVA alone. LEVA and GO alone increased the serum levels of IgG, IgM and total blood cell counts, and co-administration of GO and LEVA inhibited the effects of LEVA. At the cellular level, in the spleen, LEVA increased immunoreactivity of CD4 and CD8, whereas co-administration of GO with LEVA decreased this strong expression. At the molecular level, in leukocytes, LEVA upregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5, whereas GO alone downregulated mRNA expression. Co-administration of GO with LEVA inhibited the LEVA-induced upregulation of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA expression. In the thymus, both LEVA and GO upregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-4 and IL-5, whereas LEVA alone did not affect IL-12 mRNA expression. Co-administration of GO with LEVA inhibited LEVA-induced upregulation of IL-4 and GO-induced upregulation of IL-12 expression, and had an additive upregulatory effect on IL-5 expression. In conclusion, LEVA stimulated T-helper (Th)1 cytokines, whereas GO stimulated a Th2 response, and co-administration of GO with LEVA inhibited the stimulatory effects of LEVA and balanced the Th1/Th2 response.

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“…Unfortunately, there is no such licensed or registered chemical or drug available in the market for chickens. Although levamisole was widely recognized and studied as a potential immune stimulant compound in many pharmacology text books and literatures (Ishikawa and Shimizu, 1983;Giambrone and Klesius, 1985;Bozić et al, 2006;Janjatović et al, 2008;Pekmezci and Cakiroglu, 2009), it did not demonstrate any immune enhancement effect in our study, no matter in SPF chickens or REV-induced immunosuppressed chickens (data are not included). Actually, there were some controversial reports on its immune enhancement (Van Der Maaten et al, 1983;Roth and Kaeberle, 1984;Purswell et al, 1998).…”

Section: Groupscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Analysis of immunological enhancement of immunosuppressed chickens by Chinese herbal extracts

Sun

Cui

2010

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Investigation of Immunmodulatory effects of levamisole and vitamin E on Immunity and some blood parameters in newborn Jersey calves

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

The Effect of Used Immunostimulating Drugs with FMD Vaccine on Immunoglobulins in Sheep

The Effect of Used Immunostimulating Drugs with FMD Vaccine on Immunoglobulins in Sheep

Modulatory effects of levamisole and garlic oil on the immune response of Wistar rats: Biochemical, immunohistochemical, molecular and immunological study

Analysis of immunological enhancement of immunosuppressed chickens by Chinese herbal extracts

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