Investigation of Isolated Blastocystis Subtypes from Cancer Patients in Turkey

Mülayim, Sefa; Aykur, Mehmet; Dağcı, Hande; Dalkılıç, Semih; Aksoy, Asude; Kaplan, Mustafa

doi:10.1007/s11686-020-00322-y

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Blastocystis subtype distribution in 28 samples from Çukurova region revealed that ST1 (35.7%), ST3 (25%), ST2 (17.8%), and ST4 (10.7%), ST5 (3.6%), ST6 (3.6%), and ST7 (3.6%) (27). In cancer patients, three Blastocystis subtypes were identified: ST3 (40%), ST2 (33%), and ST1 (20%), and one infected with ST1/ ST2 (28). A study evaluated Blastocystis in animal hosts in Turkey in a large-scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Molecular Characterisation of <i>Blastocystis</i> from Experimental Rats in Turkey and Comparison of the Frequencies Between Obese and Non-obese Groups

Malatyalı¹,

Başaran²,

Gökçimen³

et al. 2021

Turkiye Parazitol Derg

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Blastocystis is a zoonotic protozoan that infects a wide range of animals, including humans and rodents. This study aimed to determine the frequency and subtype distribution of Blastocystis in laboratory rats at a laboratory animal facility in Turkey. Methods:This study included 54 male Sprague-Dawley rats from Aydın Adnan Menderes University Laboratory Animal Center. Among these rats, 30 were fed with high-fat diet (obese group) and the remaining 24 received standard chow (non-obese group). Blastocystis positivity was determined with amplification of small subunit 18S rRNA gene following their nucleic acid extraction from faecal samples. Subtypes were detected by submitting the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences to the database (pubmlst. org/blastocystis). The phylogenetic tree from evolutionary distance data was constructed using the neighbour-joining method.Results: Blastocystis infection was detected in 33 (61.1%) of 54 laboratory rats. The frequency of Blastocystis was significantly different between obese and non-obese rats (p<0.05), with 43.3% and 83.3%, respectively. When referred to the database, exact matches were identified with Blastocystis subtype 4 (ST4) for all isolates. In the phylogenetic analysis of the partial 18S rDNA sequence, the sequence was closely clustered with reference ST4 subtypes from other countries, including China, Japan, United Kingdom and Czech Republic. Conclusion:This study revealed the high rate of Blastocystis colonisation in laboratory rats, posing a risk for human transmission.The comparison of obese and non-obese groups supported the idea that Blastocystis might be an indicator of healthy gut flora. The detection of ST4 in all rats agreed with previous reports of the predominance of this subtype in rodents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Molecular Characterisation of <i>Blastocystis</i> from Experimental Rats in Turkey and Comparison of the Frequencies Between Obese and Non-obese Groups

Malatyalı¹,

Başaran²,

Gökçimen³

et al. 2021

Turkiye Parazitol Derg

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“…subtypes 3,[5][6][7][8] .Blastocystis sp. is considered a parasite, and scientific consensus classifies it as a commensal and potentially even beneficial resident of the gut 11,12 . The hypothesis that certain strains within subtypes are pathogenic is under investigation 10,13 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Subtypes and phylogenetic analysis of Blastocystis sp. isolates from West Ismailia, Egypt

Ahmed

El-Mahallawy

Mohamed

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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In Egypt, Blastocystis sp. is not yet on the diagnostic list of parasitology reports, and information about its subtypes (STs) is scarce. This study investigated its prevalence and its STs/alleles, performed phylogenetic analysis, and considered the distribution of risk factors associated with Blastocystis sp. infections in West Ismailia, Ismailia governorate. Sociodemographic data, exposure factors, and previous parasitic infection status were recorded for symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Microscopy, polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis for Blastocystis sp. isolated from fecal samples were performed. Eighty Blastocystis sp.-infected individuals (15.3%) were examined. The age of the individuals ranged between 0.60 and 85.0 (mean 17.10 ± 15.70), the male/female ratio was 33/47, and the asymptomatic/symptomatic ratio was 55/25. The findings demonstrate clear evidence of direct contact with animals, poor water quality, and previous parasitic infections. Eleven samples yielded three Blastocystis STs (ST1: allele 4, ST2: alleles 9 and 12, and ST3: allele 34), with ST3 (45.5%) representing the most common subtype. Phylogenetic analysis with a robust bootstrap revealed three distinct clades for isolates of each subtype. This study updates the epidemiological knowledge of the distribution of Blastocystis sp. STs in Egypt and expands the current understanding of the prevalence, risk factor frequencies, and genetic diversity of this protist in the studied area.

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“…The results from our study showed the reduction in the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on cancer cells and increase in the AOM-induced ACF in rats treated with 5-FU. Blastocystis infection is frequently seen as an opportunistic infection because it is frequently discovered in chemotherapy patients who were on immunosuppressive medications (Mülayim et al 2021). The role of Blastocystis as an opportunistic pathogen in CRC patients has been well documented (Tan et The increased expression of type 2 cytokines in Blastocystis antigen-treated HCT116 suggests that it may have the ability to promote in ammation (Berghella et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blastocystis sp. reduces chemotherapeutic potency of 5- fluorouracil against colorectal cancer

Kumarasamy

Kuppusamy

Pailoor

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Blastocystis is an enteric protozoan parasite with extensive genetic variation and unclear pathogenicity. It is commonly associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in immunocompromised individuals including colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. In this study, we explored the in vitro and in vivo effects of Blastocystison the activity of a commonly used CRC chemotherapeutic agent, 5-FU. The cellular and molecular effects of solubilized antigen of Blastocystisin the presence of 5-FU were investigated using HCT116, human CRC cell line and CCD 18-Co, normal human colon fibroblast cells. For the in vivo study, 30 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, as follows; Control Group: oral administration of 0.3ml Jones' medium, Group A: rats injected with azoxymethane (AOM), Group A-30FU: Rats injected with AOM and administered 30mg/kg 5-FU, Group B-A-30FU: rats inoculated with Blastocystis cysts, injected with AOM and administered 30mg/kg 5-FU, Group A-60FU: rats injected with AOM and administered 60mg/kg 5-FU and Group B-A-60FU: rats inoculated with Blastocystis cysts, injected with AOM and administered 60mg/kg 5-FU. The in vitro study revealed that the inhibitory potency of 5-FU at 8µM and 10µM was reduced from 57.7% to 31.6% (p<0.001) and 69.0% to 36.7% (p<0.001) respectively when co-incubated with Blastocystis antigen for 24 hours. However, the inhibitory potency of 5-FU in CCD-18Co cells was not significantly affected in the presence of Blastocystis antigen. The reduced inhibitory potency of 5-FU against cancer cell proliferation due to the presence of Blastocystis is consistent with the upregulation of expression of type 2 cytokines, transforming growth factor (TGF-β) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene expression. An increased inflammation and abnormal histopathological findings along with a significant cancer multiplicity and adenoma incidence were evident in the intestine of the B-A-30FU and B-A-60FU groups when compared with the A-30FU and A-60FU groups respectively. Our in vitro and in vivo findings indicate that Blastocystis infection could potentially interfere with chemotherapy regimens such as 5-FU in CRC patients undergoing chemotherapy.

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Investigation of Isolated Blastocystis Subtypes from Cancer Patients in Turkey

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

First Molecular Characterisation of <i>Blastocystis</i> from Experimental Rats in Turkey and Comparison of the Frequencies Between Obese and Non-obese Groups

First Molecular Characterisation of <i>Blastocystis</i> from Experimental Rats in Turkey and Comparison of the Frequencies Between Obese and Non-obese Groups

Subtypes and phylogenetic analysis of Blastocystis sp. isolates from West Ismailia, Egypt

Blastocystis sp. reduces chemotherapeutic potency of 5- fluorouracil against colorectal cancer

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