Investigation of low density lipoprotein subfractions as a coronary risk factor in normotriglyceridaemic men

Rajman, Iris; Kendall, M. J.; Cramb, Robert; Holder, Roger; Salih, Mahmood Maher; Gammage, Michael D.

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(96)05881-9

Cited by 97 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In pattern A, the major peak is greater than 25.5 nm, whereas in pattern B, it is less than 25.5 nm. An investigation of LDL subfractions in normotriglyceridemic males revealed small LDL to be a coronary risk factor in subjects without apparent hyperlipidemia 23) . LDL composition was examined in diabetic, myocardial infarction survivors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small,dense LDL and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) in Metabolic Syndrome with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Nakano

Kuboki

Matsumoto

et al. 2010

JAT

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Aim:To clarify the clinical significance of small,dense LDL (sLDL) in the metabolic syndrome associated with type 2 diabetes. Methods: One hundred and ten healthy non-diabetic and non-metabolic syndrome subjects (58 male / 52 female), 77 non-metabolic diabetic subjects (62/15), 58 non-diabetic metabolic subjects (25/33), and 46 metabolic diabetic subjects (29/17) were enrolled in this study. Results:The subjects with metabolic syndrome (both with and without type 2 diabetes) had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, total-cholesterol (C), LDL-C, triglyceride, sLDL-C and hs-CRP levels than non-metabolic and non-diabetic subjects. HDL-C levels were significantly decreased in the former compared to the latter. Among the metabolic syndrome subjects, those with type 2 diabetes had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure and hs-CRP values than those without diabetes. sLDL-C, LDL-C and hs-CRP were the highest and HDL-C was lowest in the metabolic syndrome with diabetes group. A multiple regression analysis revealed the most significant determinant of sLDL-C to be LDL-C, followed by HDL-C, total-C, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and triglyceride. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is a significant determinant of the plasma sLDL-C level. Hs-CRP was the highest in the metabolic syndrome patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, type 2 diabetes may further increase the risk of coronary artery disease in the metabolic syndrome subjects through cardiovascular inflammation. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2010; 17:410-415.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small,dense LDL and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) in Metabolic Syndrome with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Nakano

Kuboki

Matsumoto

et al. 2010

JAT

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“…43 Small LDL particle size has also been suggested to be an additional risk factor for coronary artery disease. 23 In other studies, however, no certain relationship has been found between atherosclerotic disease and LDL particle size. 24 -28 A negative relationship between LDL particle size and IMT of the common carotid artery has recently been shown in subjects who are homozygous for the apoE3 allele.…”

Section: Hulthe Et Al the Metabolic Syndrome And Atherosclerosis 2145mentioning

confidence: 92%

The Metabolic Syndrome, LDL Particle Size, and Atherosclerosis

Hulthe

Bokemark

Wikstrand

et al. 2000

ATVB

215

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Abstract-An operative definition of the metabolic syndrome has been suggested by a working group associated with the World Health Organization in 1998. The aim of this study was to examine whether small, low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size was associated with the metabolic syndrome and with subclinical atherosclerosis as measured by ultrasound in the carotid and femoral arteries. The study was performed in a population-based sample of clinically healthy men (Nϭ391), all 58 years old and not undergoing any treatment with cardiovascular drugs. Exclusion criteria were cardiovascular or other clinically overt diseases or continuous medication with cardiovascular drugs. The results showed that subjects characterized by the metabolic syndrome (nϭ62) had a thicker mean intima-media complex (IMT) in both the carotid and femoral arteries (0.86 versus 0.77 mm, PϽ0.001, and 1.03 versus 1.00 mm, Pϭ0.022, respectively) and also lower mean values for LDL particle size (25.78 versus 26.80 nm, respectively, PϽ0.001) compared with subjects with no risk factors (nϭ77). The group with the metabolic syndrome (nϭ62) also had higher mean values for serum cholesterol and heart rate. In the whole study group (Nϭ391), there were significant but weak negative relationships between small LDL particle size, increasing IMT, and increasing cross-sectional intima-media area of the carotid and femoral arteries and also negative relationships between LDL particle size and plaque occurrence and size in the carotid and femoral arteries. In summary, this is the first large-scale study to demonstrate a relationship between the clustering of risk factors that constitute the metabolic syndrome and a small LDL particle size pattern and the occurrence of preclinical atherosclerosis in the carotid and femoral arteries, as assessed by the ultrasound technique, in healthy 58-year-old men recruited from the general population. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc

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“…The different apolipoprotein conformations obtained by cryoelectron microscopy images [18] and the epitope exposition dependent on particle size [19] supported the implication of apoB-100 conformation in the interaction with LDL receptor [20]. Moreover, the particle size has been established as a cardiovascular risk factor independent from other dyslipidemias as hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Size and density of LDL vary among individuals, constituting a considerable heterogeneous group of particles [42]. Particularly, a lipoprotein profile characterized by large proportion of small and dense LDL (sdLDL) is related to elevated incidence of atherosclerosis [22,23,43,44] probably because of its higher susceptibility against oxidation [45,46] and higher affinity for proteoglycans [47], that facilitates its accumulation into vascular wall. Moreover, these sdLDL seem to have less affinity for its receptor implying a fall in hepatic absorption and an increased time of residence in plasma [48,49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human ldl structural diversity studied by ir spectroscopy

Fernández-Higuero¹,

Benito‐Vicente²,

Salvador³

et al. 2014

Atherosclerosis

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Lipoproteins are responsible for cholesterol traffic in humans. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) delivers cholesterol from liver to peripheral tissues. A misleading delivery can lead to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. LDL has a single protein, apoB-100, that binds to a specific receptor. It is known that the failure associated with a deficient protein-receptor binding leads to plaque formation. ApoB-100 is a large single lipid-associated polypeptide difficulting the study of its structure. IR spectroscopy is a technique suitable to follow the different conformational changes produced in apoB-100 because it is not affected by the size of the protein or the turbidity of the sample. We have analyzed LDL spectra of different individuals and shown that, even if there are not big structural changes, a different pattern in the intensity of the band located around 1617 cm 21 related with strands embedded in the lipid monolayer, can be associated with a different conformational rearrangement that could affect to a protein interacting region with the receptor.

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Investigation of low density lipoprotein subfractions as a coronary risk factor in normotriglyceridaemic men

Cited by 97 publications

References 23 publications

Small,dense LDL and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) in Metabolic Syndrome with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Small,dense LDL and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) in Metabolic Syndrome with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The Metabolic Syndrome, LDL Particle Size, and Atherosclerosis

Human ldl structural diversity studied by ir spectroscopy

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