Abstract:The present investigation aimed to understand the physicochemical properties of the new cellulosic fiber extracted from the bark of Silybum marianum (SM), in view of using it as a potential reinforcement for polymer composites. The morphological and anatomy, physical, thermal and mechanical properties of fibers were firstly discussed in this paper. The Silybum marianum fibers (SMF) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), optical microsco… Show more
“…In the center of the stem , vascular bundles are clearly apparent in Figure 3(c), where his substance is mostly made of xylem and phloem and is found adjacent to the bundle of fibers. This was previously reported in anatomical investigations on natural fibers by several researchers such as Lygeum spartum L, 29,31 Silybum marianum, 16 Atriplex halimus L, 32 Strelitzia reginae. 33 Figure 3.Microscopic view of CM plant : (a) Cross section, (b) and (c) Zoom view of the fiber cell structure.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 67%
“…They also tested the single fiber tensile with a gauge length GL = 40 mm and found the tensile strength of 304.43 ± 35 MPa, Young's modulus of 5.85 ± 1.10 GPa, and strain at failure of 8.92 ± 1.4%. Other recent works have focused their investigations on recently found natural fibers from Momordica charantia, 12 Cereus Hildmannianus, 13 Vachellia farnesiana, 14 Cardiospermum Halicababum, 15 Silybum marianum, 16 and Areca catechu L 17 in order to address growing industrial demands that aren't being supplied entirely by present cellulosic fiber production. 18 This research focuses on the investigation of fibers extracted from Centaurea Melitensis plant which is an annual prickly plant endemic to the mediterranean region that belongs to the Asteraceae family.…”
In this work a new cellulosic fibers extracted from Centaurea Melitensis plant to the prospect of employing them as a source of reinforcement in composite materials. In this investigation, morphological, chemical, physical and mechanical features of Centaurea Melitensis fibers are investigated. The morphological characteristics using anatomical technique and scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of a large percentage of fibroblasts in the fibers that allow adhesion with the matrix when manufacturing of composite materials. The fiber density is 1.269 ± 0.018 g/cm3 and the diameter is 187.11 ± 60.41 μm depending on the physical properties. The chemical properties revealed that the Centaurea Melitensis fiber has a crystalline size of 16.92 nm and a crystallinity index of 47.69% using XRD. The results of FTIR analysis proved on major components such as cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, by TGA the thermal stability was found up to 210°C and the maximum temperature up to 317.86°C. The mechanical properties have shown that the value of the tensile strength of the fibers is 336.87 ± 59.94 MPa, Young’s modulus is 23.87 ± 5.21 GPa, and the strain at failure is 1.27 ± 0.36%, and the interfacial shear strength is 9.82 ± 2.35 MPa. The statistical approach, Weibull distribution was used with two and three parameters to examine the experimental data due to their dispersion. WEIBULL statistical analytical test was used with 2 and 3 parameters are used to examine the experimental data due to their dispersion. All the findings from this investigation reveal that Centaurea Melitensis fibers can be a qualified candidate to be used as reinforcement in low density composite materials.
“…In the center of the stem , vascular bundles are clearly apparent in Figure 3(c), where his substance is mostly made of xylem and phloem and is found adjacent to the bundle of fibers. This was previously reported in anatomical investigations on natural fibers by several researchers such as Lygeum spartum L, 29,31 Silybum marianum, 16 Atriplex halimus L, 32 Strelitzia reginae. 33 Figure 3.Microscopic view of CM plant : (a) Cross section, (b) and (c) Zoom view of the fiber cell structure.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 67%
“…They also tested the single fiber tensile with a gauge length GL = 40 mm and found the tensile strength of 304.43 ± 35 MPa, Young's modulus of 5.85 ± 1.10 GPa, and strain at failure of 8.92 ± 1.4%. Other recent works have focused their investigations on recently found natural fibers from Momordica charantia, 12 Cereus Hildmannianus, 13 Vachellia farnesiana, 14 Cardiospermum Halicababum, 15 Silybum marianum, 16 and Areca catechu L 17 in order to address growing industrial demands that aren't being supplied entirely by present cellulosic fiber production. 18 This research focuses on the investigation of fibers extracted from Centaurea Melitensis plant which is an annual prickly plant endemic to the mediterranean region that belongs to the Asteraceae family.…”
In this work a new cellulosic fibers extracted from Centaurea Melitensis plant to the prospect of employing them as a source of reinforcement in composite materials. In this investigation, morphological, chemical, physical and mechanical features of Centaurea Melitensis fibers are investigated. The morphological characteristics using anatomical technique and scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of a large percentage of fibroblasts in the fibers that allow adhesion with the matrix when manufacturing of composite materials. The fiber density is 1.269 ± 0.018 g/cm3 and the diameter is 187.11 ± 60.41 μm depending on the physical properties. The chemical properties revealed that the Centaurea Melitensis fiber has a crystalline size of 16.92 nm and a crystallinity index of 47.69% using XRD. The results of FTIR analysis proved on major components such as cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, by TGA the thermal stability was found up to 210°C and the maximum temperature up to 317.86°C. The mechanical properties have shown that the value of the tensile strength of the fibers is 336.87 ± 59.94 MPa, Young’s modulus is 23.87 ± 5.21 GPa, and the strain at failure is 1.27 ± 0.36%, and the interfacial shear strength is 9.82 ± 2.35 MPa. The statistical approach, Weibull distribution was used with two and three parameters to examine the experimental data due to their dispersion. WEIBULL statistical analytical test was used with 2 and 3 parameters are used to examine the experimental data due to their dispersion. All the findings from this investigation reveal that Centaurea Melitensis fibers can be a qualified candidate to be used as reinforcement in low density composite materials.
“…This value is very close to those of Hyphaene thebaica L., 14 Dichrostachys Cinerea, 53 Arundo donax L. 54 Acacia Arabica, 55 Cissus quadrangularis , 56 Cyperus pangorei , 57 Hierochloe Odarata, 58 Juncus effusus L. 36 Silybum marianum . 24…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, a very large amount of research on the characterization of new fibers has been established. These new fibers were extracted from the leaf, 14,15 the stem, [19][20][21] the bark, [22][23][24] the fruits 25,26 or from the roots of a plant. [27][28][29] To our knowledge, there is unfortunately no study yet on the characterization of physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Malva sylvestris fibers.…”
The main goal of this study is to characterize natural lignocellulosic fibers extracted from Malva Sylvestris. The experimental approach used is consisted to analyze the morphological, physical, chemical, thermal and mechanical characteristics of Malva sylvistris fibers. The stem anatomy showed that the bark of Malva is rich in fiber cells. Based on ATR-FTIR and X-ray analysis, the obtained results illustrated that the fiber contained mainly cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The crystallinity index of fiber is about 55.12 %, which indicated a high cellulose content. The Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis test point out that Malva Sylvestris fibers are thermally stable until 225°C and an apparent activation energy about of 111 kJ.mol−1 was recorded. Tensile strength of Malva fibers is about of 236.64 ± 93.33 MPa whilst its young’s modulus is about of 26.07 ± 5.14 GPa. In view of the dispersion in the obtained experimental results, the latter were analyzed using the Weibull statistical laws with two parameters.
“…Because of the use of polarized light, the cellulosic tissues appear in red, and the lignified and suberized tissues appear in green. 1 Physical properties. To assess the density of the CH fiber, a pycnometer device and Methanol as a liquid of immersion with a density of about 0.792 g/cm 3 at 25°C were used.…”
The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the use of new lignocellulosic fiber extracted from Centaurea hyalolepis plant as a potential reinforcement for light-weight composite applications. In this study, anatomical structure and morphological surface of Centaurea hyalolepis fiber were conducted. The physical-chemical, thermal, crystalline,mechanical, characteristics of extracted fibers were also examined using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and tensile test. ATR-FTIR analysis confirmed the existence of the main components of lignocellulosic fiber (lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose). XRD revealed the presence of cellulose with a crystallinity index of 57.93%.By densimetry, the density of Centaurea hyalolepis was determined as 1.13 g/cm3. The Centaurea hyalolepis was found to be thermally stable up to 271°C. The kinetic activation energy was determined as 115.943 kJ/mol. Tensile tests revealed that the mean tensile strength and Young’s modulus of Centaurea hyalolepis fiber were about 372,5 MPa and 9.036 GPa respectively. Because of the dispersion in the experimental tensile results, the Weibull statistical analysis with two parameters was carried out. Regard these findings, the Centaurea hyalolepis fibers can be a suitable candidate for low density polymeric composites reinforcement.
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