Investigation of Mercury and Titanium Contents in Skin Whitening Creams Commonly Used in Yemen by Icp-MS

Abstract

In this study, ten (10) samples of skin-whitening creams were analyzed for determination of mercury and titanium. The samples were collected from various retail shops, pharmacies and beauty aid stores in the local market of Yemen. Levels of mercury and titanium in creams were determined using Inductive Coupled Plasma with Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentration of mercury in the creams ranged from below 0.0167 to 47151 μg/g and that of titanium ranged from below 0.0083 to 59.442 μg/g. Fifty percent (50%) of creams samples for mercury had concentrations more than Maximum Permissible Limits by specifications of the US Food and Drug Administration’s, (USFDA), German and Canada (Maximum Acceptable Limit of 1μg/g). The use of such creams may lead to health hazards. Therefore, it is recommended that all skin whitening creams should be checked for mercury levels and other toxic metals before marketing. Further research to better understand the sources of mercury and other toxic metals in whitening creams and other cosmetic products is recommended.