Investigation of Microplastic Exposure to Marine Fish in the Marine Tourism Area of Makassar City

Abstract

Plastic waste pollution in the marine environment triggers the formation of microplastics dissolved in seawater. Microplastics are one of the nutrients for plankton and phytoplankton. Through the food chain, microplastics can accumulate in the bodies of marine biota, until they finally reach the human body. The purpose of this research is to investigate and determine the microplastic group in fish in Makassar City KWB destinations. The method applied is maceration extraction using 70% C2H­5OH for 3 days, then extracted with N-Hexane. The non-polar extracts identified the microplastic components using FTIR spectroscopy and analyzed the types of microplastics based on their absorption spectrum images. The results of the study were that all fish samples coded PS.B.1, PS.B.2, PS.B.3, were contaminated with secondary microplastics. Types of microplastics were identified, namely PP, PVC, PE, PS, PET and PC. The microplastic contaminants are thought to be the result of community activities. The public needs to be aware of the potential for microplastic accumulation in the bodies of marine fish that are consumed. Managers of Makassar City KWB destinations are advised to apply a pattern of supervision to the community to care about waste and educate the implementation of plastic waste recycling management

The Nutritional Lipid Profiles of Marine Fish from Medan, Indonesia

“…So that the maceration method is more appropriate in protecting the PUFAs in fish oil. Although it still has the same high acid number as previous studies, it indicates that the fatty acids in the triacylglyceride molecule are independent of the fat structure [34], [35].…”

“…This is so that there is an equilibrium between the fatty acids inside the cell and the outside of the cell is achieved. Extraction is carried out without heating, it is hoped that PUFA which has EPA and DHA essential fatty acids will not be damaged, because PUFAs, PUFAs have more than one double bond which can be damaged by heating [34], [35].…”

Analysis of the Heavy Metal Levels (Cd, Fe, Hg and Pb) at Losari Beach Tourism Reclamation of Makassar

“…The factor that causes heavy metals to belong to the group of contaminants is the presence of non-degradable and easily absorbable properties of heavy metals. The spread of heavy metals in the environment is mainly due to the disposal of waste products (Marzuki & Putra, 2022) (Kurnia, Kaseside, & Iwamony, 2021). The waste parameters that need to be known the most in the environment are toxic or toxic metal levels such as lead (Pb) and nickel (Marzuki & Putra, 2022;Wibowo et al 2020).…”