Investigation of microsphere-mediated cellular delivery by chemical, microscopic and gene expression analysis

Tracking Cell Proliferation Using a Nanotechnology-Based Approach

“…Easy entry in a broad range of cell types including adherent, suspensions and primary cell lines has been reported [8][9][10][11][12]. On the other hand, gene-expression profiling studies showed that these NPs did not induce any significant alteration in nanofected cell transcriptomes [13]. Recent proteomic studies showed no key regulators of cell cycle were affected by the internalisation of these NPs, resulting in a parentprogeny transfer of the nanofection load.…”

“…Using this exponential decay formula, an estimation of a range of fluorescence intensity initial can be successfully calculated. 13 Once all parameters were efficiently established (concentration and time of incubation together with doubling time), we tested this novel method for tracking cell proliferation. For this purpose, a long-term assay of cellular monitoring was performed.…”

Biocompatible Polymer Nanoparticles for Intra-cellular Applications

“…[8,11] crospheres into cells is related to the size of the microspheres as well as 'exposure time' [8] and an investigation into whether the microspheres enter via endocytosis has been conducted. [16] It was established that microspheres do not enter via endocytosis, micropinocytosis or any other energy dependent uptake mechanism and it was shown that the uptake was slowed by a reduction in temperature. The microspheres certainly interacts with the cytoskeleton and the suggestion is that microspheres anchor to the membrane and a fast, energy independent, membrane reorganization occurs to deliver the microspheres directly into the cytosol (Fig.…”

“…[17,18] Microspheres appear to be a highly efficient and inert delivery system as the uptake was generally good for all cell types tested in these studies and no impact on the cell viability and no significant changes in the gene expression was observed. [16] Recently there has been a considerable speculation concerning what is involved in the initial encounter between a cell and a particle. [19] The surface of any particle in biological media is coated with proteins, and these undoubtedly play a vital role in the particle-cell membrane interaction and the eventual uptake into the cell.…”

Cellular uptake and fate of fibroin microspheres loaded with randomly fragmented DNA in 3T3 cells

“…2,3 Thus, microspheres have been developed as vehicles not only for gene transfection 4 but also for small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) 5 and decoy DNA. 6 However, gene transfection and siRNA delivery largely rely on nanoparticles, for example, a biodegradable arginine-based polymer showing an enhanced transfection efficiency 7 and a cationic core and lipid shell providing a long-circulating nanoparticle platform.…”