Investigation of mixed ionic/nonionic building blocks for the dual templating of macro-mesoporous silica

Hierarchical mesoporous silica templated by the combination of fine emulsion and micelles

“…Given that, from the length of the bonds, the extended alkyl chains of Kolliphor have a dimension of about 2.5 nm, we can conclude that the alkyl chains, in the pure Kolliphor micelles, are rather extended. In the same way, estimating that the length of the PPO-part of the P123 is equal to 24.5 nm (1 PPO = 0.35 nm), we can deduce that the PPO chain, in the pure P123 micelles, can only be self-folded and it rather adopts a meandering conformation as previously reported [35]. Looking at the dimension of the hydrophobic moieties in the mixed-micelles, around 3 nm, we can assume that the alkyl chains of Kolliphor and PPO chain of P123 likely adopt the same conformation than in the pure micelles.…”

“…The hydrophobic thickness dB and the hydrophilic thickness dA can be deduced from the It has been reported that in the pure P123 H1 and I1 domains, the values of RH are around 4.8 and 4.5 nm, respectively [35,53]. Taking into account the different bonds, the length of the extended PPO block is 24.5 nm and comparing this value to the hydrophobic radius, it was concluded that the hydrophobic chains of the P123 hexagonal and cubic phases are completely self-folded.…”

“…Monolithic silica foams bearing a cubic organization of the mesopores, obtained under alkaline condition with non-ionic surfactant have been proposed by Esquena et al [15,16]. Hierarchically macromesoporous monoliths using Pluronic P123 as porogen are also reported by different groups [1,[33][34][35]. Other imprints such as latex spheres [36] or solid lipid nanoparticles [37] can serve as mold to generate the macropores.…”

Emulsion Templating: Porous Polymers and Beyond

“…Complex HIPE stabilization systems are becoming increasingly prevalent and include a fluorinated BCP, gemini surfactants (two connected monomeric surfactants), surfactant mixtures that are tuned using a phase diagram, and monomeric BCP surfactants. , Macromolecular surfactants were used for a CO 2 -in-ionic liquid HIPE containing vinyl-bearing ionic liquid monomers and cross-linkers, and a hyperbranched hydrolyzable polyethoxysiloxane surfactant was used to produce highly porous silica monoliths from w/o HIPEs . Recent approaches to reducing the high surfactant contents that are a predominant challenge to industrial adoption of emulsion templating include limiting the HIPE’s ability to phase separate, combining freezing and UV polymerization, and, more commonly, using Pickering HIPEs where the presence of NPs can be leveraged to provide additional functionalities.…”

“…Complex HIPE stabilization systems are becoming increasingly prevalent and include a fluorinated BCP, 315 gemini surfactants (two connected monomeric surfactants), 316 surfactant mixtures that are tuned using a phase diagram, 317 and monomeric BCP surfactants. 41,42 Macromolecular surfactants were used for a CO 2 -in-ionic liquid HIPE containing vinylbearing ionic liquid monomers and cross-linkers, 318 and a hyperbranched hydrolyzable polyethoxysiloxane surfactant was used to produce highly porous silica monoliths from w/o HIPEs.…”