Investigation of Mixing Behavior of both a Conventional Surfactant and Different Inorganic Salts with a Cationic Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solution

Abstract

N,N′‐bis [3‐(dodecanoylamino)propyl]‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylhexane‐1,6‐diaminium dibromide is a cationic Gemini surfactant including quaternary ammonium salt with amide groups. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) and some thermodynamic parameters of the cationic Gemini surfactant were investigated using surface tension and conductivity methods. Mixed micellization of binary mixtures of the cationic Gemini surfactant with a conventional surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated using the conductometric method at five different temperatures ranging from 303.15 to 323.15 K. CMC, micellar ionization degree (αm), counterion binding constant (g1), interaction parameter (β), and activity coefficients (f1M and f2M) of mixed systems were found out from data of conductivity at different mole fractions for all studied temperatures. Additionally, the effects of some inorganic salts with different concentrations on the surface properties of cationic Gemini surfactant were examined by surface tension measurements. Some surface properties of the pure cationic Gemini surfactant and mixed salts systems were calculated using the data of surface tension.

Studies on Synthesis, Characterization, Micellar Features, and Solubilization of Four Novel Cationic Gemini Surfactants

“…The cmc values were provided from the break point of the specific conductivity (μS•cm −1 ) surfactant concentration (mM) isotherms. 36 The uncertainties in the measured specific conductivity and cmc were ±0.5 μS• cm −1 and ±1.2 × 10 −5 M, respectively. During the specific conductivity run, the temperature uncertainty was ±0.1 K.…”

“…Measurements for the prepared dilute solutions of CGS1, CGS2, and CGS3 were carried out separately at 293.15, 303.15, 313.15, and 233.15 K. For the dilute solutions of CGS4, measurements were carried out separately at 303.15, 313.15, and 233.15 K. Double distilled deionized water was used as a solvent, and the specific conductivity of double distilled water was measured as 1.65 μS·cm –1 at 293.15 K. The measurements were used to determine the cmc values and to calculate some thermodynamic parameters of the all systems. The cmc values were provided from the break point of the specific conductivity (μS·cm –1 ) surfactant concentration (mM) isotherms . The uncertainties in the measured specific conductivity and cmc were ±0.5 μS·cm –1 and ±1.2 × 10 –5 M, respectively.…”

“…Dodecanoyl chloride (0.1 mol) was added slowly to the solution of 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propan-1-amine (0.1 mol) in chloroform (100 mL), the solution was stirred under an inert atmosphere for 24 h at room temperature, and then the chloroform layer was extracted with saturated potassium carbonate solution, water, and brine. 36 The chloroform layer was dried with anhydrous calcium chloride. Also then, chloroform was removed under a decreased pressure.…”

Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial Activity, and Interfacial and Micellar Features of Novel Cationic Gemini Surfactants with Different Spacers

“…For IBCGS, n = 3 is taken. A dimeric surfactant includes a divalent surfactant ion and two univalent counterions in the absence of a swamping electrolyte (Ao et al, 2008; Sarıkaya et al, 2019). Γ max that affected from the molecular structure of a surfactant evaluates how much the air–solution interface has changed with surfactant adsorption.…”

Aggregation and Adsorption Behavior of Cationic Surfactants (Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide) in Aqueous Solutions of Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) at Different Temperatures

“…The sharp intersection between the two straight lines of pre‐micellar and post‐micellar regions attributes to CMC. The degree of ion dissociation ( α ) have been given by ratio of slope in post‐micellar region (S 2 ) to pre‐micellar region (S 1 ) (Mata et al, 2005; Sarıkaya et al, 2019). A detailed observation of the conductivity‐concentration isotherm reveals that initially, the electrostatic interactions between the charged head groups of the cationic surfactant/drug and after critical micelle concentration formation hydrophobic interactions, between the alkyl chains of interacting components, play an imperative role in the creation of micelles (Bhardwaj et al, 2014).…”