Investigation of nano-crystaline strontium hexaferrite magnet powder from mill scale waste by the mechanochemical synthesis: Effect of the annealing temperature

Ferroelectric, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of SrCo0.2Zn0.2Fe11.6O18.8 Hexaferrite Obtained by “One-Pot” Green Sol-Gel Synthesis Utilizing Citrus reticulata Peel Extract

“…The hysteresis loop demonstrates non-linearity in the curve around the low applied magnetic field, as a kink can be seen in the loop. This has been noted before for hexaferrites and indicates the presence of other magnetic phases [37][38][39]. In this case the kink is attributed to weak exchange coupling between the M-phase of strontium hexaferrite and the hematite phase, as weak magnetic behavior is the characteristic feature of hematite, while M-type strontium ferrite has a hard magnetic nature [40,41].…”

“…In this case the kink is attributed to weak exchange coupling between the M-phase of strontium hexaferrite and the hematite phase, as weak magnetic behavior is the characteristic feature of hematite, while M-type strontium ferrite has a hard magnetic nature [40,41]. A similar influence of hematite as a second/residual phase has been noted before [38,42].…”

“…For a hard magnet, we expect a smooth broad hysteresis, and the differential curve should exhibit one single symmetrical broad peak at a certain value of H. In our case, we obtained two peaks: one sharp at H ≈ 0 and one broad at µ 0 H ≈ 0.55 T (H = 5500 Oe). This is characteristic of weakly coupled magnetic systems and can be the result of structural factors [42] like the superposition of a soft and a hard magnet and hematite exhibiting weak ferromagnetism above its Morin transition temperature of 250 K. Için et al [38] linked kink formation in the hysteresis loop with dopant substitution of iron in the hexaferrite lattice, where increased dopant (Cr 3+ ) amounts replacing iron in the strontium hexaferrite led to a more pronounced kink due to increased hematite formation. Choi et al [39] associated the "kinks" as a discrepancy between the magnetic anisotropy field and the coercive field originating from the non-ideal motion of magnetic domains due to non-uniform magnetization reversal and heterogeneities in the sample microstructure.…”

Effect of divalent ion of strontium substitution on the structural, optical, magnetic and blood compatibility studies in cobalt ferrite

“…Figure 4 exhibits the infrared transmittance spectra of Sr-substituted Co-ferrite materials. In the figure, the vibrational frequencies of Sr-O or Co-O bonds (v 1 ) and Fe-O bonds (v 2 ) range lines up from 600.6 to 598.7 cm −1 and from 423.6 to 426.5 cm −1 , respectively [59,60].…”

Experimental and Theoretical Realization of Morphology and Frequency Tuned Charge Transport Dynamics in Co-Zn Doped SrM Hexaferrite: Electrical, Impedance and Relaxation Realm

“…4 Strontium hexaferrite (SrM) comprises 5 distinct Fe-sub-lattices, namely 12k, 2b, 2a, 4f 2, and 4f 1 . 5,6 The occupancy of octahedral lattice sites (12k, 2a, and 4f 2 ) governed the electrical characteristics of the material. It's already been reported that Co 2+ and Zn 2+ ions tend to occupy octahedral and tetrahedral sites, respectively, and alter the electrical properties of the material.…”