Investigation of nitrous oxide pollution arising from inhalational sedation for the extraction of teeth in child patients

Girdler,; Sterling,

doi:10.1046/j.1365-263x.1998.00072.x

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Forty-six subjects in total were recruited to the study, but only 44 completed all their treatment. The mean [range] age of the subjects was 12.5 [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] years; 16 were male and 30 female; all were classifiable as ASA physical status I.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomised, controlled, crossover trial of oral midazolam and nitrous oxide for paediatric dental sedation

Wilson¹,

Welbury²,

Girdler

2002

Anaesthesia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryA randomised, controlled, crossover trial was designed to assess the safety and effectiveness of oral midazolam sedation for orthodontic extractions. Forty-six ASA physical status I children aged 10-16 years were recruited. Each child required two treatment sessions. Sedation with either oral midazolam 0.5 mg.kg )1 or nitrous oxide in oxygen was used at the first visit, the alternative being used at the second visit. Blood pressure, heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation, and sedation and behavioural scores were recorded every 5 min. Anxiety levels and postoperative satisfaction were also recorded. Blood pressure, heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation in both groups were similar and within acceptable clinical limits. . Seventy-four per cent of subjects were prepared to have oral midazolam sedation again, 54% preferring it. Oral midazolam appears to be a safe and acceptable form of sedation for 10-16-year-old paediatric dental patients.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomised, controlled, crossover trial of oral midazolam and nitrous oxide for paediatric dental sedation

Wilson¹,

Welbury²,

Girdler

2002

Anaesthesia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Children were placed supine in the dental chair. A pulse oximeter was attached and a baseline Eve's test carried out [3]. This is a simple test of spatial awareness in which the child, with eyes closed, touches the tip of his or her nose with a forefinger.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of sevoflurane and nitrous oxide mixture with nitrous oxide alone for inhalation conscious sedation in children having dental treatment: a randomised controlled trial

Lahoud

Averley²

2002

Anaesthesia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryWe studied 411 children aged 3-10 years who were referred for dental treatment. They were randomly allocated to have inhalation conscious sedation with either sevoflurane ⁄ nitrous oxide mixture or nitrous oxide alone. Dental treatment was satisfactorily completed in 215 ⁄ 241 children who were given sevoflurane ⁄ nitrous oxide mixture (89%) compared with 89 ⁄ 170 who were given nitrous oxide alone (52%) (Chi square 70.3, p < 0.0001). All children remained conscious and responsive to verbal contact throughout the treatment and in the recovery room. No adverse side-effects were recorded in either group and there were no significant differences in oxygen saturation, heart rate, recovery profile, or time to discharge home between the groups. The study concluded that, for every 100 children treated with sevoflurane ⁄ nitrous oxide mixture, 37 children would be saved a general anaesthetic if given combined sevoflurane and nitrous oxide mixture rather than nitrous oxide alone. The use of sevoflurane in low concentrations 0.1-0.3% to supplement nitrous oxide and oxygen for inhalation conscious sedation is safe, practical, and significantly more effective than nitrous oxide alone in children having dental treatment.

show abstract

“…Until now, the air quality status regarding gaseous and particulate pollutants in dental clinics, has not been thoroughly studied, although nitrous oxide levels have been examined during anaesthesia for specified occupational exposure standards in 20 inhalational sedation clinics 11 and in dental theatres and community clinics 8 . Measurements of CO 2 , VOCs and particulate matter (PM) concentration levels in dental clinics were presented by Godwin et al 10 for a period of one week, as well as the estimation of the emission rates of indoor sources.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of total volatile organic compounds and indoor environment assessment in dental clinics in Athens, Greece

Helmis¹,

Tzoutzas²,

Flocas³

et al. 2008

International Dental Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It was found that TVOC emissions from Kalocryl and Bacillol reached extremely high values affecting the air in the dental clinics at short and long distances from the source. Six pollutants TVOCs, CO2, PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NO(x) were measured and indoor sources associated with dental activities were identified. Very high concentrations of TVOCs were found which exceeded the acceptable levels by a factor of 20, associated with the nature of the dental activities and the ventilation conditions. The CO2 concentration levels were high and the indoor conditions were considered unsatisfactory, associated with the number of occupants and the ventilation conditions. PM concentrations were high due to the nature of the dental activities and they exceeded the outdoor levels by a factor of 5 to 6. The concentrations of the gaseous pollutants NO(x) were low while the SO2 concentrations were hardly detectable.

show abstract

Investigation of nitrous oxide pollution arising from inhalational sedation for the extraction of teeth in child patients

Abstract: In this study, staff exposure to nitrous oxide complied with the national occupational exposure standard but there was still considerable atmospheric nitrous oxide pollution during inhalational sedation for paediatric exodontia.

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

A randomised, controlled, crossover trial of oral midazolam and nitrous oxide for paediatric dental sedation

A randomised, controlled, crossover trial of oral midazolam and nitrous oxide for paediatric dental sedation

Comparison of sevoflurane and nitrous oxide mixture with nitrous oxide alone for inhalation conscious sedation in children having dental treatment: a randomised controlled trial

Emissions of total volatile organic compounds and indoor environment assessment in dental clinics in Athens, Greece

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About