Investigation of organic aerosol sampling artifacts in the los angeles basin

Turpin, Barbara J.; Huntzicker, James J.; Hering, Susanne V.

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(94)00133-6

Cited by 356 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

295

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The first filter was subject to positive artifacts from vapor phase adsorption onto the quartz filter material. The second filter was used to estimate the quartz filter positive artifact via the double-filter method (6) in which the PM 2.5 organic carbon concentration was estimated by subtracting the OC on the second filter from that on the first filter. (Turpin recommended (6) better artifact OC estimation from a quartz filter that follows a Teflon filter.…”

Section: Personalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The backup quartz filter only collected gas-phase organic compounds because all particulate organic compounds have already been collected by the first quartz filter (6). Compounds that desorbed from the particles could recondense on the backup filter, but this effect is expected to be small (6).…”

Section: Comparison Of Ppoms and Hpem For Pm 25 Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High, net positive, sampling artifacts have been observed during indoor particulate organic carbon (OC) sampling using quartz filters (14)(15). It is not yet known whether a similar, net positive, sampling artifact occurs during the measurement of personal exposure to particulate organic carbon; however, one is expected because positive artifacts have been observed in both outdoor and indoor sampling (5)(6)(7)(8)14,15). Such measurement artifacts hinder not only the characterization of indoor and personal exposures to various constituents of PM but also the source apportionment efforts in identifying sources that contribute to personal PM exposures and health effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development and Evaluation of a Personal Particulate Organic and Mass Sampler

Pang

Gundel

Larson

et al. 2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accurate measurement of personal exposure to particulate matter and its constituents requires samplers that are accurate, compact, lightweight, inexpensive, and convenient to use. The Personal Particulate Organic and Mass Sampler (PPOMS) has been developed to meet these criteria. The PPOMS uses activated carbon-impregnated foam as a combined 2.5-µm size-selective inlet and denuder for assessment of fine particle mass and organic carbon. Proof of the PPOMS concept has been established by comparing mass and organic carbon in particles collected with collocated samplers in Seattle, at a central outdoor site, and in residences. Daily particulate mass concentrations averaged 10.0±5.2, 12.0±5.3, and 11.2±5.1 µg m -3 for the Federal Reference Method, the Harvard Personal Exposure Monitor, and the PPOMS, respectively, for 10 24-h sampling periods. During a series of PM 2.5 indoor organic carbon (OC) measurements from single quartz filters, the apparent indoor OC averaged 7.7±0.8 µg of C m -3 , which was close to the indoor PM 2.5 mass from collocated Teflon filters (7.3±2.3 µg of C m -3 ), indicating the presence of a large positive OC artifact. In collocated measurements, the PPOMS eliminated this artifact just as well as the Integrated Gas and Particle Sampler that incorporated a macroreticular polystyrene-divinylbenzene (XAD-4) resin-coated denuder, yielding OC concentrations of 2.5 ± 0.4 and 2.4 ± 1.0 µg C m -3 , respectively. Thermal analysis for OC indicated that the indoor positive artifact was due to adsorption of gas-phase semivolatile organic compounds SVOC. This study shows that the PPOMS design provides a 2.5-µm size-selective inlet that also prevents the adsorption of gas-phase SVOC onto quartz filters, thus eliminating the filter positive artifact. The PPOMS meets a significant current challenge for indoor and personal sampling of particulate organic carbon. The PPOMS design can also simplify accurate ambient sampling for PM 2.5 .

show abstract

Section: Personalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Ppoms and Hpem For Pm 25 Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development and Evaluation of a Personal Particulate Organic and Mass Sampler

Pang

Gundel

Larson

et al. 2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because a Teflon filter adsorbs very little, gas phase F adsorbed phase partitioning in the vicinity of a Teflon filter is expected to reach equilibrium rapidly so that the backup QFF ''sees'' the same concentration of adsorbable vapors as the concurrently collected sampling QFF (Mader and Pankow, 2001). The presence/absence of particles on the filter does not appear to alter the size of the adsorption artifact, presumably because the particles are already close to equilibrium with the surrounding gas when they are collected and the surface area of collected particles is extremely small relative to the surface area of a QFF (Turpin et al, 1994). In the current work, a dynamic blank (QFF behind a Teflon filter) was collected concurrently with each OC measurement to estimate and correct for the adsorption artifact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine organic particulate matter dominates indoor-generated PM2.5 in RIOPA homes

Polidori

Turpin

Meng

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Residential indoor and outdoor fine particle (PM 2.5 ) organic (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations (48 h) were measured at 173 homes in Houston, TX, Los Angeles County, CA, and Elizabeth, NJ as part of the Relationship of Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air (RIOPA) study. The adsorption of organic vapors on the quartz fiber sampling filter (a positive artifact) was substantial indoors and out, accounting for 36% and 37% of measured OC at the median indoor (8.2 mg C/m 3 ) and outdoor (5.0 mg C/m 3 ) OC concentrations, respectively. Uncorrected, adsorption artifacts would lead to substantial overestimation of particulate OC both indoors and outdoors. After artifact correction, the mean particulate organic matter (OM ¼ 1.4 OC) concentration indoors (9.8 mg/m 3 ) was twice the mean outdoor concentration (4.9 mg/m 3 ). The mean EC concentration was 1.1 mg/m 3 both indoors and outdoors. OM accounted for 29%, 30% and 29% of PM 2.5 mass outdoors and 48%, 55% and 61% of indoor PM 2.5 mass in Los Angeles Co., Elizabeth and Houston study homes, respectively. Indirect evidence provided by species mass balance results suggests that PM 2.5 nitrate (not measured) was largely lost during outdoor-to-indoor transport, as reported by Lunden et al. This results in dramatic changes with outdoor-to-indoor transport in the mass and composition of ambient-generated PM 2.5 at California homes. On average, 71% to 76% of indoor OM was emitted or formed indoors, calculated by (1) Random Component Superposition (RCS) model and (2) non-linear fit of OC and air exchange rate data to the mass balance model. Assuming that all particles penetrate indoors (P ¼ 1) and there is no particle loss indoors (k ¼ 0), a lower bound estimate of 41% of indoor OM was indoor-generated (mean). OM appears to be the predominant species in indoor-generated PM 2.5 , based on species mass balance results. Particulate OM emitted or formed indoors is substantial enough to alter the concentration, composition and behavior of indoor PM 2.5 . One interesting effect of increased indoor OM concentrations is a shift in the gas-particle partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the gas to the particle phase with outdoor-to-indoor transport.

show abstract

“…[2] Filter sampling and off-line analysis of ambient particulate matter are associated with various disadvantages including a low time resolution of 24 to 48 h per sample and potential influence of various artifacts, such as particle loss, reentrainment, and semivolatile vapor adsorption and desorption [Dillner et al, 2009;Stein et al, 1994;Turpin et al, 1994]. Real-time instruments, with temporal resolutions in the order of a few minutes or less per measurement, can reduce artifacts from changing environmental conditions and enable the capture of shorter-time scale species trends, such as diurnal variations and finer dynamics of pollution events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and chemical characterization of ambient aerosol by HR‐ToF‐AMS at a suburban site in Hong Kong during springtime 2011

Lee

Wang

et al. 2013

JGR Atmospheres

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] An Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) has been employed in a field sampling campaign at a suburban coastal site in Hong Kong in springtime 2011 to provide insights into the size-resolved chemical composition of nonrefractory submicron aerosol species. This is the first time that such detailed real-time measurements have been made in Hong Kong. The total nonrefractory PM 1 was dominated by sulfate (51.0%) and organics (28.2%) with considerable acidity (average in situ pH = 0.95) and a characteristic bimodal particle size distribution with peaks at 200 and 570 nm of vacuum aerodynamic diameter (D va ). Source apportionment of organic aerosol yielded three characteristic aerosol fractions (hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol, semivolatile organic aerosol and low-volatile organic aerosol) with distinct temporal patterns and distributions in different particle size regions. The influence of air mass origin on species concentrations, particle size distributions and elemental ratios was investigated using backtrajectory analysis. Larger particle diameters, greater fractions of oxygenated organic aerosol and higher organic-to-carbon ratios were observed during coastal and continental air mass influence. Three major pollution events with elevated nonrefractory PM 1 concentrations were observed in the sampling period, which were related to distinct meteorological and circulatory conditions. Accumulation and redistribution of local and regional pollutants were notable in a period of strong land-sea breeze over the Pearl River Delta region, with considerable photochemical activity and particle aging. Increased fractions of oxygenated organic aerosol were apparent in foggy conditions, illustrating the importance of aqueous phase oxidation processes in a cooler and more humid time period.

show abstract

Investigation of organic aerosol sampling artifacts in the los angeles basin

Cited by 356 publications

References 11 publications

Development and Evaluation of a Personal Particulate Organic and Mass Sampler

Development and Evaluation of a Personal Particulate Organic and Mass Sampler

Fine organic particulate matter dominates indoor-generated PM2.5 in RIOPA homes

Physical and chemical characterization of ambient aerosol by HR‐ToF‐AMS at a suburban site in Hong Kong during springtime 2011

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About