Investigation of Plateau–Rayleigh Instability in Drawn Metal–Polymer Composite Fibers for Metamaterials Fabrication

Alchalaby, Ahmed; Lwin, Richard; Al‐Janabi, Abdulhadi; Trimby, Patrick; Fleming, Simon; Kuhlmey, Boris T.; Argyros, Alexander

doi:10.1109/jlt.2015.2511022

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The surface tension, which tends to minimize the surface area of the inner material, competes with inertial and viscous forces, which tend to maintain the cylindrical shape of the system. If this interfacial surface tension between the materials dominates, it causes any small fluctuations in the liquid metal column to grow over time, a phenomenon known as the Plateau-Rayleigh instability [14], [15], [17]. Such perturbations growing exponentially with time can significantly deform the metal/dielectric structure and eventually break the inner liquid metal into separate droplets.…”

Section: Drawingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where 0 R is the initial cylinder's radius, 0 A is the initial amplitude, and k is the wavenumber of the perturbation. The growth of the perturbation is dictated by the gain term, , g defined by [14], [15], [17]…”

Section: Drawingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, hyperbolic metamaterial fibers based on polymer and indium have been demonstrated with split-ring [9], [10], and wire array meta-structures [11], [12], [13], with applications including sub-diffraction imaging [13]. However, the Plateau-Rayleigh instability [14], [15], [16], which is the tendency of a liquid column to break into droplets, limits the drawn metal/dielectric meta-structure to a minimum stable size which depends on the rheological properties of the components and the drawing parameters [12], [17]. Even with optimized drawing parameters, the Plateau-Rayleigh instability limits the wire diameter and spacing to 2μm  in the polymer/indium system [12], [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the Plateau-Rayleigh instability [14], [15], [16], which is the tendency of a liquid column to break into droplets, limits the drawn metal/dielectric meta-structure to a minimum stable size which depends on the rheological properties of the components and the drawing parameters [12], [17]. Even with optimized drawing parameters, the Plateau-Rayleigh instability limits the wire diameter and spacing to 2μm  in the polymer/indium system [12], [17]. Considering that metamaterials must have an elementary meta-structure smaller than 1/10th of the desired operational wavelength, the operational range of the polymer-based metamaterial fibers is limited to frequencies in the microwave/THz spectrum [13] and the far-infrared [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication of Soft-Glass-Based Wire Array Metamaterial Fibers for Applications at Infrared Frequencies

Hayashi

Lwin

Stefani

et al. 2019

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Section: Drawingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drawingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fabrication of Soft-Glass-Based Wire Array Metamaterial Fibers for Applications at Infrared Frequencies

Hayashi

Lwin

Stefani

et al. 2019

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…Further size reduction in the metastructure on the small facet of the indium/polymer hyperlens and, consequently, shifting of their operation to wavelengths shorter than the THz, are not feasible with the drawing approach due to the rheological properties of the selected materials (indium and polymer). The Plateau-Rayleigh instability [15], which is the tendency of a liquid column to break into droplets, limits the wire diameter and wire spacing to a few microns in the indium/polymer system [16,17], restricting the operation wavelength of the metamaterial to the far-infrared. Recently, we have demonstrated that such wire size limitation can be overcome by replacing the materials with tin and soda-lime glass and optimizing the drawing/stretching process [12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards subdiffraction imaging with wire array metamaterial hyperlenses at MIR frequencies

Hayashi¹,

Stefani²,

Antipov³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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We describe the fabrication of metamaterial magnifying hyperlenses with subwavelength wire array structures for operation in the mid-infrared (around 3 µm). The metadevices are composed of approximately 500 tin wires embedded in soda-lime glass, where the metallic wires vary in diameter from 500 nm to 1.2 µm along the tapered structure. The modeling of the hyperlenses indicates that the expected overall losses for the high spatial frequency modes in such metadevices are between 20 dB to 45 dB, depending on the structural parameters selected, being promising candidates for far-field subdiffraction imaging in the mid-infrared. Initial far-field subdiffraction imaging attempts are described, and the problems encountered discussed. IntroductionA combination of conducting/dielectric layers or a subwavelength array of metallic wires embedded in a dielectric exhibit hyperbolic dispersion due to the high anisotropy of the medium [1]. In such hyperbolic metamaterial, high transverse spatial frequencies, which contain subdiffraction information and would be evanescent in conventional isotropic media, can propagate. A curved multilayer metamaterial and a tapered wire array medium, called hyperlenses, can also magnify the guided spatial frequencies, transforming the subdiffraction information into air-propagating waves, allowing subdiffraction imaging in the far-field [2-4].Far-field subdiffraction imaging with multilayer metal/dielectric metamaterial has been demonstrated at UV [3, 5] and visible [6] frequencies. This class of hyperlenses can be fabricated by the deposition of ultra-thin and smooth films, but exhibits high losses and high reflectivity due to its large metal fraction. High transmission can be obtained if the operational region is close to the metal's plasma frequency, where their reflectivity decreases, limiting their operation to narrow bands at UV/visible frequencies if noble metals are employed. Semiconductors can be combined with metal or highly doped semiconductor layers to shift the effective plasma frequency of the metamaterial to lower frequencies, leading to hyperlenses operating at near-infrared (NIR) [7] and at mid-infrared (MIR) [8] frequencies. Recent, theoretical investigations indicate that the losses of multilayer semiconductor material can be reduced by maximizing the mean scattering time of the doped layers and adjusting the layer thickness ratio [9], opening up new possibilities for far-field subdiffraction imaging in the MIR with semiconductor-based metamaterial. However, relatively narrow band, short wavelength operation and lack of a large volume fabrication method are still the main drawbacks of this class of hyperlens.

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Advanced Multimaterial Electronic and Optoelectronic Fibers and Textiles

et al. 2018

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The ability to integrate complex electronic and optoelectronic functionalities within soft and thin fibers is one of today's key advanced manufacturing challenges. Multifunctional and connected fiber devices will be at the heart of the development of smart textiles and wearable devices. These devices also offer novel opportunities for surgical probes and tools, robotics and prostheses, communication systems, and portable energy harvesters. Among the various fiber‐processing methods, the preform‐to‐fiber thermal drawing technique is a very promising process that is used to fabricate multimaterial fibers with complex architectures at micro‐ and nanoscale feature sizes. Recently, a series of scientific and technological breakthroughs have significantly advanced the field of multimaterial fibers, allowing a wider range of functionalities, better performance, and novel applications. Here, these breakthroughs, in the fundamental understanding of the fluid dynamics, rheology, and tailoring of materials microstructures at play in the thermal drawing process, are presented and critically discussed. The impact of these advances on the research landscape in this field and how they offer significant new opportunities for this rapidly growing scientific and technological platform are also discussed.

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Investigation of Plateau–Rayleigh Instability in Drawn Metal–Polymer Composite Fibers for Metamaterials Fabrication

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Fabrication of Soft-Glass-Based Wire Array Metamaterial Fibers for Applications at Infrared Frequencies

Fabrication of Soft-Glass-Based Wire Array Metamaterial Fibers for Applications at Infrared Frequencies

Towards subdiffraction imaging with wire array metamaterial hyperlenses at MIR frequencies

Advanced Multimaterial Electronic and Optoelectronic Fibers and Textiles

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