Investigation of poly(vinyl chloride)/polystyrene mixture miscibility: Comparison of viscometry criteria with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and refractive index measurements

Abstract

The refractive index (RI) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/polystyrene (PS) mixture were measured. The variation of RI with the mixture composition was found to be nonlinear, which indicated the immiscibility of the PVC/ PS mixture. This result agrees with results obtained by the FTIR technique, which indicated negligible intermolecular interactions between the PVC/PS components, and the miscibility of the polymer mixture was limited for the compositions studied. The results obtained by RI and FTIR were compared with the results obtained by the viscosity method with criteria based on interaction parameters proposed by Krigbaum and Wall, Chee, Zhu, and Garcia et al. and the thermodynamic parameter proposed by Jiang and Han. A criterion based on a simple cluster theory proposed by Pan et al. was also applied to the PVC/PS mixture solutions to study the polymer-polymer interactions. The conclusions about PVC/PS immiscibility made by Pan et al. and Jiang and Han agreed with our conclusions obtained by FTIR and RI measurements. On the other hand, the results obtained by Chee, Zhu, and Krigbaum and Wall showed partial miscibility of the PVC/PS mixture, whereas the polymer mixture was miscible according to the Garcia et al. criterion.

Influence of blend composition on mechanical properties of ASA/SAN binary blends

“…The bands at 2238 cm −1 , 702 cm −1 and 1602 cm −1 were characteristic peaks of cyano (C≡N) stretching vibration, single-substituted phenyl ring and vibrations of benzene skeletal ring, respectively. 2 ,19,20 The absorption bands at 1734 cm −1 were attributed to the carbonyl (C=O) stretching vibration of rubber phase in ASA. 21 Besides the characteristic peaks of C≡N and C=O, bands of >CH 2 and CH 3 were also used to characterize the interactions, and bands at 2932 cm −1 were attributed to C–H stretching vibration of >CH 2 , 21 1435 cm −1 and 1372 cm −1 were C–H bending vibration of –CH 3 .…”

Study of the phase morphology and toughness in poly (vinyl chloride)/acrylonitrile–styrene‐acrylic/styrene–butadiene–styrene ternary blends influenced by interfacial/surface tension

“…For the PVC/ASA (i.e., 0‐phr SBS) blend, the characteristic peaks of the CCl stretching vibration and the CH deformation vibration of CH 2  groups in PVC appear at 615 and 1426 cm −1 , respectively. Furthermore, the absorption bands of ASA at 1734 and 2237 cm −1 are the characteristic peaks of stretching vibration of the carbonyl (CO) groups in the PBA core and nitrile (C  N) stretching vibration in the SAN shell, respectively . With regard to PVC/ASA/SBS ternary blends, both ASA and SBS have benzene ring in PS, and the characteristic peaks at 1493 and 1601 cm −1 correspond to the benzene ring stretching vibrations; 700 cm −1 is the characteristic peak of the bending vibration of benzene rings.…”

Toughening effect of PNBR on ASA/SAN binary blends

“…were carried out for further analysis. The peak assignments are as follows: 1,735 cm −1 [stretching vibration of carbonyl (C=O)] , 2,238 cm −1 [stretching vibration of cyano (C≡N)] , 701 cm −1 and 1602 cm −1 (characteristic peaks of single substituted phenyl ring and vibration of benzene skeletal ring) , 2,932 cm −1 and 1,453 cm −1 (C‐H asymmetric stretching and bending vibration of >CH 2 ) , 2,874 cm −1 and 1,373 cm −1 (C–H symmetric deformation of –CH 3 ) , 1,162 cm −1 [C–C(=O)–O stretching] , 1,263 cm − 1 (characteristic absorption of C–O stretching) .…”

“…4 were carried out for further analysis. The peak assignments are as follows: 1,735 cm 21 [18]. It is interesting to note that bands at 970 cm 21 and 913 cm 21 showed some differences with the incorporation of PNBR.…”