Investigation of probable relationship between Toxoplasma gondii and cryptogenic epilepsy

Yazar, Süleyman; Arman, Fehim; Yalçın, Şaban; Demirtaş, Funda; Yaman, Ozan; Şahi̇n, İzzet

doi:10.1016/s1059-1311(02)00256-x

Cited by 64 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Exposure to O. volvulus, T. canis and T. gondii was associated with an increased prevalence of epilepsy in other case-control studies [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [28], [29], [30]. Previous studies reporting the association between parasitic infection and epilepsy have used seropositivity to define exposure[8], [9], [14], [28], [29], [31], [32], [33], with none taking into account the degree of exposure as a predictor for risk of ACE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Exposure to Multiple Parasites Is Associated with the Prevalence of Active Convulsive Epilepsy in Sub-Saharan Africa

Kamuyu

Bottomley²,

Mageto

et al. 2014

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundEpilepsy is common in developing countries, and it is often associated with parasitic infections. We investigated the relationship between exposure to parasitic infections, particularly multiple infections and active convulsive epilepsy (ACE), in five sites across sub-Saharan Africa.Methods and FindingsA case-control design that matched on age and location was used. Blood samples were collected from 986 prevalent cases and 1,313 age-matched community controls and tested for presence of antibodies to Onchocerca volvulus, Toxocara canis, Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium falciparum, Taenia solium and HIV. Exposure (seropositivity) to Onchocerca volvulus (OR = 1.98; 95%CI: 1.52–2.58, p<0.001), Toxocara canis (OR = 1.52; 95%CI: 1.23–1.87, p<0.001), Toxoplasma gondii (OR = 1.28; 95%CI: 1.04–1.56, p = 0.018) and higher antibody levels (top tertile) to Toxocara canis (OR = 1.70; 95%CI: 1.30–2.24, p<0.001) were associated with an increased prevalence of ACE. Exposure to multiple infections was common (73.8% of cases and 65.5% of controls had been exposed to two or more infections), and for T. gondii and O. volvulus co-infection, their combined effect on the prevalence of ACE, as determined by the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), was more than additive (T. gondii and O. volvulus, RERI = 1.19). The prevalence of T. solium antibodies was low (2.8% of cases and 2.2% of controls) and was not associated with ACE in the study areas.ConclusionThis study investigates how the degree of exposure to parasites and multiple parasitic infections are associated with ACE and may explain conflicting results obtained when only seropositivity is considered. The findings from this study should be further validated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Exposure to Multiple Parasites Is Associated with the Prevalence of Active Convulsive Epilepsy in Sub-Saharan Africa

Kamuyu

Bottomley²,

Mageto

et al. 2014

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…7 The prevalence of Fasciolosis was 3% in Portugal, 7% in Egypt and 9% in Peru. The highest prevalence was found in Bolivia, where stool examination revealed a prevalence of 72%, and serologic tests were positive in 100%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigation of Fasciola hepatica Seropositivity in Forensic Autopsies in the Çukurova Region

Zeren¹,

Eren²,

Çelikel³

et al. 2013

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T OOb bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : Fasciola hepatica is a parasite that affects ruminant animals and is rarely seen in humans. The agent may cause significant health problems and economic loss as a zoonotic disease. Freshwater plants play an important role for infecting humans with this parasite. Eating watercress, drinking water that contains metacercaria, using contaminated kitchen tools, or consuming green vegetables may cause infestation. Green vegetables and fruits, especially watercress, are grown specifically in the Cukurova region and this puts the population living in this region at risk of developing fasciolosis. For the reason of absence of the seroprevalence studies in autopsies and to determine the prevalence of this region, the aim of this study, is to investigate F. hepatica antibody by the method of IHA blood samples which were taken from autopsy cases in the Çukurova Region. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : This study was conducted in Adana Forensic Medicine Department, a center where all forensic autopsies from the cities of Adana, Mersin, Kahramanmaras, Hatay and Osmaniye were performed. There were 94 subjects between the ages of 2-87 years (mean:42.55±SD22.09) and their serum samples were collected for assessment of F. hepatica antibodies via the IHA method. Moreover, we examined the hepatobiliary system for adult parasites. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : IHA results demonstrated that 13 (13.8%) of the subjects were seropositivite for F. hepatica. During the autopsy, however, mature F. hepatica was not observed in hepatobiliary systems of the subjects. Seropositivity rates in Adana, Mersin, Hatay and Osmaniye were 19.4%, 7.1%, 12.5% and 22.2%, respectively. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating F. hepatica seropositivity in forensic autopsies. Seeing the results, we suggest that more comprehensive epidemiologic research is needed to study this infestation, especially in endemic areas. K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Fasciola hepatica; autopsy; forensic medicine Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Geviş getiren hayvanların paraziti olan Fasciola hepatica insanlarda nadir görülen, önemli sağlık sorunlarına ve ekonomik kayıplara neden olabilen zoonotik bir hastalıktır. Parazitin insanlara bulaşmasında tatlı su bitkileri önemli rol oynamaktadır. Hastalık metaserkarya'nın bulunduğu su teresinin yenilmesi, suların içilmesi veya bunlarla kontamine olmuş mutfak aletlerin kullanılması ve yeşil sebzelerin tüketilmesiyle bulaşabilmektedir. Çukurova Bölgesinde özellikle su teresi gibi yeşil sebze ve meyveler bol miktarda tüketilmektedir, bu nedenle birçok insan fasciolosis bakımından büyük bir risk altındadır. Otopsilerde seroprevalans çalışmamaların olmaması ve bu bölgedeki yaygınlığın belirlenmesi amacıyla bu çalışmada, Çukurova Bölgesinde adli otopsi vakalarından alınan kan örneklerinde, IHA yöntemi ile anti-F. hepatica antikorlarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Araştı...

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“…Numerous studies investigated the association between T. gondii infection and epilepsy (Akyol et al, 2007[1]; Allahdin et al, 2015[2]; El-Tantawy et al, 2013[11]; Eraky et al, 2016[12]; Ngugi et al, 2013[23]; Stommel et al, 2001[28]; Yazar et al, 2003[34]; Zibaei et al, 2011[35]). Some of these studies found significant association between epilepsy and Toxoplasma infection and some did not (Ngoungou et al, 2015[22]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Risk of epilepsy in people with toxoplasmosis has also been discussed by many researchers (Akyol et al, 2007[1]; Ngugi et al, 2013[23]; Palmer, 2007[24]; Yazar et al, 2003[34]). However, due to lack of well-matched case-control studies in large enough population of epileptic patients, there is not yet a consensus on association between epilepsy and latent Toxoplasma infection (Ngoungou et al, 2015[22]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiological study of Toxoplasma gondii infection in a population of Iranian epileptic patients

Babaie

Sayyah

Gharagozli

et al. 2017

EXCLI Journal; 16:Doc256; ISSN 1611-2156

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Investigation of probable relationship between Toxoplasma gondii and cryptogenic epilepsy

Abstract: There might be a causal relationship between chronic toxoplasmosis and the aetiology of cryptogenic epilepsy.

Cited by 64 publications

References 10 publications

Exposure to Multiple Parasites Is Associated with the Prevalence of Active Convulsive Epilepsy in Sub-Saharan Africa

Exposure to Multiple Parasites Is Associated with the Prevalence of Active Convulsive Epilepsy in Sub-Saharan Africa

Investigation of Fasciola hepatica Seropositivity in Forensic Autopsies in the Çukurova Region

Seroepidemiological study of Toxoplasma gondii infection in a population of Iranian epileptic patients

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