Investigation of risk factors for the conversion of mild cognitive impairment to dementia

Hu, Chengping; Zhao, Xudong; Zhu, Binggen; Tian, Ming; Qin, Hongyun

doi:10.1080/00207454.2020.1782905

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There were discrepant findings in a 6-year follow-up of 441 community-dwelling persons with MCI, in which depression as measured by the Hamilton depression scale was no more common in those who progressed to dementia than in those with MCI who did not progress so [ 7 ]. That discrepant finding may relate to the population that was studied because a review of 14 published studies showed a 44.3% prevalence of depression in 1899 hospitalized patients with MCI but only 15.7% in 775 community-dwelling patients.…”

Section: Depression and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulating Treatment to Cure Alzheimer’s Dementia: Approach #2

Fessel

2024

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are two generic approaches to curing any medical condition. The first one treats every patient for all the known possible causes that contribute to pathogenesis; the second one individualizes potentially curative therapy by only identifying in each separate patient the components of pathogenesis that are actually operative and treating those. This article adopts the second approach for formulating a cure for Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). The components of AD’s pathogenesis are, in alphabetical order, as follows: circadian rhythm disturbances, depression, diabetes and insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, mitochondrial dysfunction, nutritional deficiencies, TGF-β deficiency, underweight, vascular abnormalities, and Wnt/β-catenin deficiency. For each component, data are described that show the degree to which its prevalence is higher in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who did not revert to having normal cognition than in those who did because the former group is the pool of patients in which future AD may develop. Only addressing the components that are present in a particular individual potentially is a curative strategy. Published data indicate that curative therapy requires the number of such components that are addressed to be ≥3. Although structural brain changes cannot be directly addressed, the impaired neural tracts result from many of the reversible causal elements, so correcting them will benefit these tracts.

show abstract

Section: Depression and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulating Treatment to Cure Alzheimer’s Dementia: Approach #2

Fessel

2024

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2 Epidemiological studies indicate that SCD may represent a predementia stage of Alzheimer disease (AD), 3,4 with an increased risk of conver-sion to MCI and dementia, thus being considered a risk factor for objective cognitive disorders. 5 A meta-analysis has suggested that the annual progression rates of SCD to MCI and dementia are 7% and 2%, respectively. 4 A recent meta-analysis 6 found that the mean prevalence of SCD in communitybased studies was 46% and confirmed that patients with SCD have an increased risk of developing MCI and dementia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory complaint in a middle-income country: a four-year longitudinal study in a cohort with low-education

Pereira,

Caramelli,

Sá

et al. 2024

Arq Neuropsiquiatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Memory complaints are frequent in older adults and are associated with higher risk of cognitive decline. Objective To investigate the functional outcome of individuals with memory complaints followed up at primary care centers. Methods Data were collected between 2016 e 2020 in primary health care centers in Brazil. Patients underwent the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, and the Functional Activities Questionnaire. Results The initial sample (2016) comprised 91 individuals classified into those with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 15), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 45), or dementia (n = 31). During follow-up, 8 individuals (8.8% of the initial sample) died and 26 (28.5% of the initial sample) were not found. Fifty-seven participants underwent clinical reassessment. Of 15 individuals with SCD, 7 were not found (46.7%), 4 (26.7%) progressed to MCI, and 4 (26.7%) remained stable. Of 45 individuals with MCI, 11 were not found (24.4%), 2 (4.4%) died, 6 (13.4%) progressed to dementia, 12 (26.7%) regressed to SCD, and 14 (31.1%) remained stable. Of 31 individuals with dementia, 8 were not found (25.8%), 6 (19.4%) died, 2 (6.5%) regressed to SCD, 7 (22.6%) regressed to MCI, and 8 remained stable (25.8%). Clinical improvement was due to the treatment of reversible causes, such as B12 hypovitaminosis and mood disorders. Older age, lower Mini-Mental State Examination, and higher scores of memory complaint, but not the use of benzodiazepines and of proton pump inhibitors, were predictors of functional status. Conclusion Despite their limits (short sample size, missing data), these results support the idea that adequate screening, follow-up, and treatment of reversible causes of dementia in primary care are essential.

show abstract

“…The strongest risk factors of MCI included old age and having a specific form of a gene known as APOE e4, which is also linked to Alzheimer's disease [ 7 – 9 ]. Epidemiological studies have also identified other medical conditions and lifestyles as risk factors for MCI, including high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, depression, low education level, less frequent participation in stimulating activities mentally or socially, smoking, low vegetable and high saturated fat consumption [ 8 – 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between tooth loss rate and risk of mild cognitive impairment in older adults: a population-based longitudinal study

Huang

Gong

et al. 2021

Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a symptomatic predementia phase of the trajectory of cognitive decline, and its prevalence increases with age. Although the relationship between oral health and MCI have been explored previously, it is uncertain whether individuals with different tooth loss rates have altered MCI risks. We hereby conducted a longitudinal study by using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey to investigate the association. Tooth loss rate was defined as the difference of teeth between two interview waves divided by years of interval; participants were then grouped into four categories: stable, no tooth loss; mild, 0-1 tooth loss; middle, 1-2 tooth loss; and severe, more than 2 tooth loss per year. Cognitive function was assessed by the Chinese version of Mini-Mental State Examination. We used the generalized estimating equation model to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and applied the restricted cubic spline function to explore the dose-response association. Among 11,862 participants, 3,966 developed MCI in a median follow-up time of 5.93 years. Higher tooth loss rate was associated with an increased risk of MCI in elderly subjects. Compared with subjects with stable tooth, the corresponding ORs (95% CIs) were 0.94 (0.85-1.03), 1.16 (1.04-1.29) and 1.28 (1.17-1.40) for subjects with the mild, middle and severe rate of tooth loss. A nonlinear dose-response relationship was detected ( P non-linearity = 0.0165). Similar results were observed in the subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age at baseline, and number of teeth at baseline. The positive association was only observed among denture nonwearers (OR middle vs stable : 1.19; 1.06-1.35; OR severe vs stable : 1.35; 1.22-1.50), but not among denture wearers. In conclusion, among elderly population in China, higher rate of tooth loss may be associated with an increased risk of MCI, while denture wearers may be less likely to develop MCI.

show abstract

Investigation of risk factors for the conversion of mild cognitive impairment to dementia

Abstract: Supplementary Table 1. Demographic characteristics of MCI patients with different outcomes in 2011 Variable Total(n=433) MCIp(n=77) MCIs(n=356) t/χ 2 P Age(years) 68.13±7.53 71.60±7.86 67.38±7.25 4.559 <0.001 Number of births 2.00±0.99 2.31±1.21 1.93±0.93 2.618 0.010

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Formulating Treatment to Cure Alzheimer’s Dementia: Approach #2

Formulating Treatment to Cure Alzheimer’s Dementia: Approach #2

Memory complaint in a middle-income country: a four-year longitudinal study in a cohort with low-education

Association between tooth loss rate and risk of mild cognitive impairment in older adults: a population-based longitudinal study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About