Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Associated With a Large Indoor Convention — New York City, November–December 2021

Sami, Samira; Horter, Libby; Valencia, Diana; Thomas, Isabel; Pomeroy, Mary; Walker, B.; Smith-Jeffcoat, Sarah E.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Kirking, Hannah L.; Kyaw, Nang Thu Thu; Burns, Rebecca; Blaney, Kathleen; Dorabawila, Vajeera; Hoen, Rebecca; Zirnhelt, Zachary; Schardin, Cody; Uehara, Anna; Retchless, Adam C.; Brown, Vance; Gebru, Yonathan; Powell, Charles A.; Bart, Stephen M.; Vostok, Johanna; Lund, Hannah Lotte; Kaess, Jessica; Gumke, Megan; Propper, Randy; Thomas, Deepam; Ojo, Mojisola; Green, Alison; Wieck, Morgan; Wilson, Erica; Hollingshead, Ryan J; Nunez, Sheila V; Saady, Dawn M; Porse, Charsey Cole; Gardner, Kyle; Drociuk, Daniel; Scott, J. G.; Perez, Taidy; Collins, Jim; Shaffner, Julie; Pray, Ian W.; Rust, Laura T; Brady, Shane; Kerins, Janna L.; Teran, Richard; Hughes, Victoria A.; Sepcic, Victoria; Low, Eleanor W; Kemble, Sarah K.; Berkley, Alexandra; Cleavinger, Kate; Safi, Haytham; Webb, Lindsey; Hutton, Scott R.; Dewart, Courtney; Dickerson, Kristen; Hawkins, Eric J.; Zafar, Javeria; Krueger, Anna; Bushman, Dena; Ethridge, Bailee; Hansen, Katrina; Tant, Jake; Reed, Christy L.; Boutwell, Carla; Hanson, Jennifer; Gillespie, Meagan J; Donahue, Matthew; Lane, P. R.; Serrano, Ruby A; Hernández, Lorena Alba; Dethloff, Michelle A; Lynfield, Ruth; Como‐Sabetti, Kathryn; Lutterloh, Emily; Ackelsberg, Joel; Ricaldi, Jessica N

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7107a4

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This study suggested that disinfection could be also effective in reducing the infection risk at mass gathering events, where contact transmission between large numbers of unspecified people occurs. The reduction of the infection risk by mask-wearing and vaccination at mass gathering events has been reported in previous epidemiological studies conducted in the United States ( Sami et al, 2022 ) and Spain ( Suñer et al, 2022 ). This study consistently demonstrated the large risk reduction effectiveness of these two measures, which are considered to be important for infection risk control at mass gathering events regardless of the country in which it is exercised.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Both events were held during the emergence of the Delta variant. Figure 1 shows the locations of target events and other events in previous studies regarding COVID-19 infection risk at mass gathering events ( Heese et al, 2022 ; Murakami et al, 2021 ; Revollo et al, 2021 ; Sami et al, 2022 ; Shukla et al, 2021 ; Smith et al, 2022 ; SRLF Trial Group, 2022 ; Suñer et al, 2022 ; Yasutaka et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… The design, type of events, and key findings in previous studies are described ( Heese et al, 2022 ; Murakami et al, 2021 ; Revollo et al, 2021 ; Sami et al, 2022 ; Shukla et al, 2021 ; Smith et al, 2022 ; SRLF Trial Group, 2022 ; Suñer et al, 2022 ; Yasutaka et al, 2022 ). The map was created by using Arc GIS (Esri Japan; https://www.esrij.com/ ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From an ethical perspective, having studies that actively use events without adequate control measures may not be ideal ( de Vrieze, 2021 ). Some recent observational studies analyzed events with adequate control measures to assess the infection rate due to the participation in the events or factors associated with infection risk such as vaccination status ( Sami et al, 2022 ; Suñer et al, 2022 ). However, these epidemiologic studies are limited in their ability to assess the extent to which individual or combined infection control measures reduce risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a COVID-19 risk assessment model for participants at outdoor music festivals: evaluation of the validity and control measure effectiveness based on two actual events in Japan and Spain

Murakami

Fujita

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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We developed an environmental exposure model to estimate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk among participants at outdoor music festivals and validated the model using two real events—one in Japan (Event 1) and one in Spain (Event 2). Furthermore, we considered a hypothetical situation in which Event 1 was held but enhanced measures were implemented to evaluate the extent to which the risk could be reduced by additional infection control measures, such as negative antigen tests on the day of the event, wearing of masks, disinfection of environmental surfaces, and vaccination. Among 7,392 participants, the total number of already- and newly-infected individuals who participated in Event 1 according to the new model was 47.0 (95% uncertainty interval: 12.5–185.5), which is in good agreement with the reported value (45). The risk of infection at Event 2 (1.98 × 10−2; 95% uncertainty interval: 0.55 × 10−2–6.39 × 10−2), calculated by the model in this study, was also similar to the estimated value in the previous epidemiological study (1.25 × 10−2). These results for the two events in different countries highlighted the validity of the model. Among the additional control measures in the hypothetical Event 1, vaccination, mask-wearing, and disinfection of surfaces were determined to be effective. Based on the combination of all measures, a 94% risk reduction could be achieved. In addition to setting a benchmark for an acceptable number of newly-infected individuals at the time of an event, the application of this model will enable us to determine whether it is necessary to implement additional measures, limit the number of participants, or refrain from holding an event.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development of a COVID-19 risk assessment model for participants at outdoor music festivals: evaluation of the validity and control measure effectiveness based on two actual events in Japan and Spain

Murakami

Fujita

et al. 2022

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Given the increased odds of severe COVID-19 outcomes among immunocompromised hospitalized patients, multilayered prevention strategies for immunocompromised persons are critical to preventing hospitalization for COVID-19 and subsequent severe outcomes, especially when community levels indicate increased transmission and disease severity (7,8). ***** These strategies include implementing nonpharmaceutical interventions; ensuring that immunocompromised persons and their close contacts are up to date with COVID-19 vaccination; urging immunocompromised persons to use effective preexposure prophylactic therapeutics, such as Evusheld; early testing, such as at-home tests; and early disease treatments, such as antiviral medications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Severe Outcomes Among Immunocompromised Adults Hospitalized for COVID-19 — COVID-NET, 10 States, March 2020–February 2022

Singson¹,

Kirley²,

Pham³

et al. 2022

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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Travel in the Time of COVID: A Review of International Travel Health in a Global Pandemic

Flaherty

Hamer

Chen

2022

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Purpose of Review This review critically considers the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global travel and the practice of travel medicine, highlights key innovations that have facilitated the resumption of travel, and anticipates how travel medicine providers should prepare for the future of international travel. Recent Findings Since asymptomatic transmission of the virus was first recognized in March 2020, extensive efforts have been made to characterize the pattern and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission aboard commercial aircraft, cruise ships, rail and bus transport, and in mass gatherings and quarantine facilities. Despite the negative impact of further waves of COVID-19 driven by the more transmissible Omicron variant, rapid increases of international tourist arrivals are occurring and modeling anticipates further growth. Mitigation of spread requires an integrated approach that combines masking, physical distancing, improving ventilation, testing, and quarantine. Vaccines and therapeutics have played a significant role in reopening society and accelerating the resumption of travel and further therapeutic innovation is likely. Summary COVID-19 is likely to persist as an endemic infection, and surveillance will assume an even more important role. The pandemic has provided an impetus to advance technology for telemedicine, to adopt mobile devices and GPS in contact tracing, and to apply digital applications in research. The future of travel medicine should continue to harness these novel platforms in the clinical, research, and educational arenas.

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Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Associated With a Large Indoor Convention — New York City, November–December 2021

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Development of a COVID-19 risk assessment model for participants at outdoor music festivals: evaluation of the validity and control measure effectiveness based on two actual events in Japan and Spain

Development of a COVID-19 risk assessment model for participants at outdoor music festivals: evaluation of the validity and control measure effectiveness based on two actual events in Japan and Spain

Factors Associated with Severe Outcomes Among Immunocompromised Adults Hospitalized for COVID-19 — COVID-NET, 10 States, March 2020–February 2022

Travel in the Time of COVID: A Review of International Travel Health in a Global Pandemic

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