“…Surface modification is a method to enhance the chemical, mechanical, and biomedical properties of titanium composition. It can be achieved by chemical or mechanical methods (11,12), such as shot penning (13,14), sol gel (15), chemical vapor deposition (16), plasmaassisted chemical vapor deposition (17), thermal sputtering (18), electrochemical plating (19, 20), and physical vapor deposition (21-23). Among the abovementioned techniques, cathodic arc evaporation, due to the creation of uniform properties such as continuous, dense, and homogeneous coating, high adhesion to the substrate, material structure protection, and the possibility of multilayer coating deposition, can be used to form nitride coatings.…”