Investigation of single and multiple MPPT structures of solar PV-system under partial shading conditions considering direct duty-cycle controller
Abdel-Raheem Youssef,
Mostafa M. Hefny,
Ahmed Ismail M. Ali
Abstract:Partial shading of solar panels diminishes their operating efficiency and energy synthesized as it disrupts the uniform absorption of sunlight. To tackle the issue of partial shading in photovoltaic (PV) systems, this article puts forward a comprehensive control strategy that takes into account a range of contributing factors. The proposed control approach is based on using multi-string PV system configuration in place of a central-type PV inverter for all PV modules with a single DC-DC converter. This adaptat… Show more
“…GMPPT aims to ensure the overall maximum output power by finding the GMPP of the entire array and prevents the tracking of LMPPs. In the existing literature, a multitude of GMPPT algorithms have been introduced to effectively trace and control the GMPP of PV systems under PSCs 3 . Figure 1 Architecture of 3 × 3 PV array.…”
The energy generation efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems is compromised by partial shading conditions (PSCs) of solar irradiance with many maximum power points (MPPs) while tracking output power. Addressing this challenge in the PV system, this article proposes an adapted hybrid control algorithm that tracks the global maximum power point (GMPP) by preventing it from settling at different local maximum power points (LMPPs). The proposed scheme involves the deployment of a 3 × 3 multi-string PV array with a single modified boost converter model and an adapted perturb and observe-based model predictive control (APO-MPC) algorithm. In contrast to traditional strategies, this technique effectively extracts and stabilizes the output power by predicting upcoming future states through the computation of reference current. The boost converter regulates voltage and current levels of the whole PV array, while the proposed algorithm dynamically adjusts the converter's operation to track the GMPP by minimizing the cost function of MPC. Additionally, it reduces hardware costs by eliminating the need for an output current sensor, all while ensuring effective tracking across a variety of climatic profiles. The research illustrates the efficient validation of the proposed method with accurate and stable convergence towards the GMPP with minimal sensors, consequently reducing overall hardware expenses. Simulation and hardware-based outcomes reveal that this approach outperforms classical techniques in terms of both cost-effectiveness and power extraction efficiency, even under PSCs of constant, rapidly changing, and linearly changing irradiances.
“…GMPPT aims to ensure the overall maximum output power by finding the GMPP of the entire array and prevents the tracking of LMPPs. In the existing literature, a multitude of GMPPT algorithms have been introduced to effectively trace and control the GMPP of PV systems under PSCs 3 . Figure 1 Architecture of 3 × 3 PV array.…”
The energy generation efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems is compromised by partial shading conditions (PSCs) of solar irradiance with many maximum power points (MPPs) while tracking output power. Addressing this challenge in the PV system, this article proposes an adapted hybrid control algorithm that tracks the global maximum power point (GMPP) by preventing it from settling at different local maximum power points (LMPPs). The proposed scheme involves the deployment of a 3 × 3 multi-string PV array with a single modified boost converter model and an adapted perturb and observe-based model predictive control (APO-MPC) algorithm. In contrast to traditional strategies, this technique effectively extracts and stabilizes the output power by predicting upcoming future states through the computation of reference current. The boost converter regulates voltage and current levels of the whole PV array, while the proposed algorithm dynamically adjusts the converter's operation to track the GMPP by minimizing the cost function of MPC. Additionally, it reduces hardware costs by eliminating the need for an output current sensor, all while ensuring effective tracking across a variety of climatic profiles. The research illustrates the efficient validation of the proposed method with accurate and stable convergence towards the GMPP with minimal sensors, consequently reducing overall hardware expenses. Simulation and hardware-based outcomes reveal that this approach outperforms classical techniques in terms of both cost-effectiveness and power extraction efficiency, even under PSCs of constant, rapidly changing, and linearly changing irradiances.
“…Therefore, the designer must have accurate knowledge of this relationship to achieve a successful controller design. The use of an ANN controller is characterized by simplicity in implementation but requires sufficient data availability, in addition to choosing a suitable neural network structure to ensure good performance (Rezk & Eltamaly, 2015;Sakthivel & Arunachalam, 2023;Youssef, Hefny, & Ali, 2023).…”
Section: Development Of a Boost Converter Controller For Photovoltaic...mentioning
This article conducts a thorough comparison of three Maximum Power Point Tracking control techniques for photovoltaic systems: Perturb and Observe, Incremental Conductance, and Artificial Neural Network. The study aims to identify the most effective MPPT method by subjecting each technique to numerical simulations. The article explores the performance, efficiency, and robustness of Perturb and Observe, Incremental Conductance and Artificial Neural Network in capturing the maximum power output from photovoltaic panels under varying environmental conditions. Following rigorous testing through numerical simulations, the superior technique is selected for implementation in a grid-connected photovoltaic power conversion chain. This research contributes valuable insights into the optimization of photovoltaic system performance through advanced MPPT control strategies, facilitating informed decisions for practical applications in renewable energy systems.
“…Towards a sustainable and clean environment, several RESs such as wind energy, are being installed to eradicate the adverse impacts of conventional energy sources [4,5]. However, RES characteristics with their variation in uncertainties and availability are associated with the climate conditions which are challenging factors [6][7][8]. So, the importance of integrating various types of DERs, electric vehicles (EVs), and energy storage systems (ESSs) is highlighted as a convenient solution to these challenges [9][10][11].…”
Recently, various distributed energy resources are significantly integrated into the modern power systems. This introduction of distributed energy resource‐rich systems can cause various power quality issues, due to their uncertainties and capacity variations. Therefore, it is crucial to establish energy balance between generation and demand to improve power system's reliability and stability and to minimize energy costs without sacrificing customers’ comfort or utility. In this regard, power system flexibility concept is highlighted as a robust and cost‐effective energy management system, especially on the demand side, to provide consumers’ demands with an acceptable level of power quality. Accordingly, here, a comprehensive review of recent developments in the power system flexibility and demand‐side management strategies and demand response programs are provided to include mainly classifications, estimation methods, distributed energy resource modelling approaches, infrastructure requirements, and applications. In addition, current research topics for applying power system flexibility solutions and demand‐side management strategies based on modern power system operation are deliberated. Also, prominent challenges, research trends, and future perspectives are discussed. Finally, this review article aims to be an appropriate reference for comprehensive research trends in the power system flexibility concept in general and in demand‐side management strategies and demand response programs, specifically.
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