Investigation of soil contamination by iron pipe corrosion and its influence on GPR detection

Pennock, S.R.; Abed, Tara Moghareh; Curioni, Giulio; Chapman, David; John, U. E.; Jenks, C. H. J.

doi:10.1109/icgpr.2014.6970451

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Some of the results from this research, in terms of the likely electrical properties of the soil surrounding a corroded cast iron pipe, contributed to research aimed at helping understand the frequencies required for GPR to maximise the chances of detecting such pipes, and this work was reported in Pennock et al (2014). The study by Pennock et al (2014) revealed that the frequency of the GPR antenna is an influential factor in detecting corroded iron pipes when using the GPR method. The results of a series of numerical analyses showed that a corroded iron pipe buried in clay soil would be still detectable at frequencies less than or equal to 100…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…There are a number of factors which can limit or eliminate the use of GPR by attenuating its signal reflection, including: the presence of the clayey soil (Rogers et al, 2008), iron oxide produced by a corroded buried cast iron pipe (Van Dam and Schlager, 2000;Pennock et al, 2014), dissolved metallic ions (Deceuster and Kaufmann, 2005), depth of the water table (Bano, 2006). Pennock et al (2010) examined the reduction in GPR reflection that could occur with corroded materials, based on altered soil permittivity and conductivity initiated by corrosion processes and/or products.…”

Section: Gpr Application For Iron Pipe Condition Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Cast-Iron Pipe Corrosion on GPR Detection Performance in Clay Soils

Abed¹,

Torbaghan

Hojjati

et al. 2020

J. Pipeline Syst. Eng. Pract.

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Cast iron water distribution pipes are used widely in the UK and worldwide. Corrosion of these cast iron pipes often occurs due to an electrochemical process where the pipe is buried directly in a chemically aggressive ground (as is the case for some clays). The electrochemical process changes the pH environment and releases iron ions into the clay. This can cause chemical alteration of the clay minerals and 'corrosion products', such as iron oxide, hydroxide and aqueous salts, to form in the soil. These chemical interactions are complex and time dependent, and can potentially result in pipe failure, and thus the conditions under which they occur need to be understood. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has been proposed for routinely detecting, assessing and monitoring buried cast iron pipes, and thus it is important to know how these chemical changes affect the electromagnetic properties of soil. A bespoke set of laboratory experiments was devised to simulate and accelerate cast iron corrosion (using electrokinetics) and ion migration processes in two types of clay, namely Kaolin Clay and Oxford Clay. Tests were conducted for periods of up to 3 months using both inert electrodes and a cast iron disc as the anode. The changes in the geotechnical properties (undrained shear strength, moisture content and Atterberg limits), the geophysical properties (permittivity) and the geochemical properties (iron content, pH and conductivity) were monitored. The results indicated that the Oxford Clay was much more aggressive in terms of the corrosion activity compared to the Kaolin Clay. The laboratory results were used in GPR simulations in relation to the detection of a buried cast iron pipe. The results showed that the chemically induced changes to the Kaolin Clay did not materially affect the performance of GPR to detect the cast iron pipe, whereas a pipe buried in Oxford Clay the (greatly accelerated) chemically-induced changes were sufficiently advanced after approximately 7-8 weeks to cause the GPR to be unable to detect the corroded pipe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Gpr Application For Iron Pipe Condition Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Cast-Iron Pipe Corrosion on GPR Detection Performance in Clay Soils

Abed¹,

Torbaghan

Hojjati

et al. 2020

J. Pipeline Syst. Eng. Pract.

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“…Soil contamination is a serious contamination [26,27] as soil is considered as one of the major sources of life [28]. Compared with other approaches of bioremediation, microbial and environmental researches are more inclined in applying metagenomic approaches to bioremediation [10,29,30].…”

Section: Metagenomic Bioremediation Of Soil Contaminationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomics — A Technological Drift in Bioremediation

Devarapalli¹,

Kumavath²

2015

Advances in Bioremediation of Wastewater and Polluted Soil

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Nature has its ways of resolving imbalances in its environment and microorganisms are one of the best tools of nature to eliminate toxic pollutants. The process of eliminating pollutants using microbes is termed Bioremediation. Metagenomics is a strategic approach for analysing microbial communities at a genomic level. It is one of the best technological upgradation to bioremediation. Identification and screening of metagenomes from the polluted environments are crucial in a metagenomic study. This chapter emphasizes recent multiple case studies explaining the approaches of metagenomics in bioremediation in different contaminated environments such as soil, water etc. The second section explains different sequences and function-based metagenomic strategies and tools starting from providing a detailed view of metagenomic screening, FACS, and multiple advanced metagenomic sequencing strategies dealing with the prevalent metagenomes in bioremediation and giving a list of different widespread metagenomic organisms and their respective projects. Eventually, we have provided a detailed view of different major bioinformatic tools and datasets most prevalently used in metagenomic data analysis and processing during metagenomic bioremediation.

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FDTD Examination of Propagation Effects in GPR Wall Monitoring

Pennock,

Watson

2024

2024 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA)

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Investigation of soil contamination by iron pipe corrosion and its influence on GPR detection

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Cast-Iron Pipe Corrosion on GPR Detection Performance in Clay Soils

Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Cast-Iron Pipe Corrosion on GPR Detection Performance in Clay Soils

Metagenomics — A Technological Drift in Bioremediation

FDTD Examination of Propagation Effects in GPR Wall Monitoring

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