Investigation of soy protein‐kymene<sup>®</sup> adhesive systems for wood composites

Li, Kaichang; Peshkova, Svetlana; Geng, Xinglian

doi:10.1007/s11746-004-0928-1

Cited by 197 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although this approach is most widely used (e.g., 4,6,9,11 ), more complicated or multiple overlapped wood specimens have also be used in the adhesive tests (e.g., two 2-layer joints with three wood strips 7,22 , and three 3-layer joints with three wood strips) 29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past two decades, this trend has reversed with renewed interest in the use of materials that are renewable, biodegradable, and more environmentally acceptable. These natural resources include, but are not limited to, soy protein [3][4][5] , cottonseed protein 6 , rice bran 7 , wheat gluten 8 , distillers grain protein 9 , canola protein and oil [10][11][12] , lignin from sorghum and sugar cane bagasse 13,14 , and polysaccharides derived from shrimp shells 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and Testing of Plant Seed Meal-based Wood Adhesives

Chapital

2015

JoVE

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Recently, the interest in plant seed meal-based products as wood adhesives has steadily increased, as these plant raw materials are considered renewable and environment-friendly. These natural products may serve as alternatives to petroleum-based adhesives to ease environmental and sustainability concerns. This work demonstrates the preparation and testing of the plant seed-based wood adhesives using cottonseed and soy meal as raw materials. In addition to untreated meals, water washed meals and protein isolates are prepared and tested. Adhesive slurries are prepared by mixing a freeze-dried meal product with deionized water (3:25 w/w) for 2 hr. Each adhesive preparation is applied to one end of 2 wood veneer strips using a brush. The tacky adhesive coated areas of the wood veneer strips are lapped and glued by hot-pressing. Adhesive strength is reported as the shear strength of the bonded wood specimen at break. Water resistance of the adhesives is measured by the change in shear strength of the bonded wood specimens at break after water soaking. This protocol allows one to assess plant seed-based agricultural products as suitable candidates for substitution of synthetic-based wood adhesives. Adjustments to the adhesive formulation with or without additives and bonding conditions could optimize their adhesive properties for various practical applications. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Testing of Plant Seed Meal-based Wood Adhesives

Chapital

2015

JoVE

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“…However, applications of SBAs are significantly restricted because of their poor water resistance. Many attempts, such as physical (Sun and Bian 1999;Apichartsrangkoon 2003;Zhang et al 2012) and chemical (Li et al 2004;Gao et al 2012;Lin et al 2012;Zhang et al 2014b) treatment processes, have been made to modify DSF soy protein to improve the water resistance of SBAs, and positive results have been obtained. Improved water resistance has also been observed in SBAs prepared from enzymatically treated soy protein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Enzymatic Pretreatment on the Preparation and Properties of Soy-Based Adhesive for Plywood

Chen¹,

Zeng²,

Qin³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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Response surface methodology was employed to determine the effects of enzymatic pretreatment temperature, time, and pH on the reducing sugar content and bonding strength of soy-based adhesives (SBAs). Plywood specimens bonded by the SBAs with Pinus massoniana veneer were then produced. A significant positive correlation was observed between reducing sugar content and the bonding strength of SBAs. The effects of pretreatment temperature and time on bonding strength were also significant, but insignificant with respect to reducing sugar content; the effects of enzymatic pretreatment time on response values were the smallest. The optimal enzymatic pretreatment conditions of SBA were a pretreatment temperature of 54 °C, a pretreatment time of 20.0 min, and a pretreatment pH of 5.1. Under these conditions, the reducing sugar content and bonding strength (boiling-water test) of SBAs were 2.93% and 0.62 MPa, which were higher than the control by 113.9% and 30.6%, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the ordered degree of soy protein decreased, but the ordered structure had no variation when defatted soy flour was treated by enzymes with combination of acid, salt, and alkali. The SBAs contain more active functional groups and have better water resistance after curing.

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“…Unfortunately, the water resistance of the panel bonded with the modified soy protein-based adhesive only barely met the requirements for interior panels. Aside from these methods, researchers have also mixed soy protein products with synthetic resins such as phenol formaldehyde resin (Zhong and Sun 2007), melamine urea formaldehyde resin , and polyamidoamine epichlorohydrin resin (Li et al 2004) to improve the water resistance of the adhesive. Each was shown to be a good curing agent for soy protein in that they greatly improved its water resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Water Resistance of Soybean Meal-based Adhesive with SDS and PAM

Xu¹,

Luo²,

Gao³

et al. 2014

BioResources

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In a previous study, a soybean meal-based adhesive was developed by mixing soybean meal flour with a self-made cross-linking agent. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of retention agents on the properties of the adhesive. Soybean meal flour (together with a cross-linking agent) and two kinds of additives (SDS and cationic PAM) were used to develop the soybean meal-based adhesive. The water resistance of the adhesive was measured by testing the wet shear strength of the resulting three-ply plywood samples and the residual rate of the different adhesives themselves. The apparent viscosities of the adhesives were also measured. Cross sections of the cured adhesives were imaged with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results showed that adding 0.5% SDS to the adhesive formulation improved its wet shear strength by 38.6%, from 0.83 to 1.15 MPa, and increased the residual rate by 1.3%, from 76.5 to 77.5%. Adding 0.01% PAM improved the water resistance of the adhesive by 38.6%, from 0.83 to 1.15 MPa, and increased the residual rate by 2.2%, from 76.5 to 78.2%. Adding 0.2% SDS and 0.01% PAM together improved the water resistance of the adhesive by 55.4%, from 0.83 to 1.29 MPa. The plywood bonded with the soybean meal/SDS/PAM adhesive met interior plywood requirements. SEM results showed fewer holes and cracks on the cross section of the cured adhesive with the addition of SDS and PAM.

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Investigation of soy protein‐kymene^® adhesive systems for wood composites

Cited by 197 publications

References 14 publications

Preparation and Testing of Plant Seed Meal-based Wood Adhesives

Preparation and Testing of Plant Seed Meal-based Wood Adhesives

Effect of Enzymatic Pretreatment on the Preparation and Properties of Soy-Based Adhesive for Plywood

Improved Water Resistance of Soybean Meal-based Adhesive with SDS and PAM

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Investigation of soy protein‐kymene® adhesive systems for wood composites

Cited by 197 publications

References 14 publications

Preparation and Testing of Plant Seed Meal-based Wood Adhesives

Preparation and Testing of Plant Seed Meal-based Wood Adhesives

Effect of Enzymatic Pretreatment on the Preparation and Properties of Soy-Based Adhesive for Plywood

Improved Water Resistance of Soybean Meal-based Adhesive with SDS and PAM

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Product

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Investigation of soy protein‐kymene^® adhesive systems for wood composites