Investigation of structural differences of silica, silver and iron nanoparticles on the proliferation of human lung cancer

Abstract

Cancer is a complex disease that occurs with the uncontrolled division and proliferation of cells and is influenced by genetic and environmental conditions. 1 Today, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and lung cancer in men. 2 The incidence of lung cancer, which is the most common respiratory system disease, is in the first place in men and third in women. Mortality in lung cancer comes first in both genders. 3 The most important reason for the high mortality is the difficulties encountered in early diagnosis. Despite the different drug effects, the therapeutic treatments or the combined therapeutic treatment formulation have had no impact on reducing tumorigenesis and mortality. 4,5 Commonly used treatment modalities are bone marrow transplant, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. It has been observed that these traditional treatment methods in early diagnosis and treatment are sometimes insufficient both in diagnosis and treatment. With its insufficiency, it causes severe side effects and causes adverse effects on human life. The tendency to new treatment methods should be increased by using new technologies developed. Nanotechnology, which can be considered one of the best examples of developing technology, is a new science that carries out ambitious studies in health. Nanoparticles from nanostructures; consist of macromolecular materials and can be used therapeutically, especially in the controlled delivery of drugs to the desired area. 6 Nanoparticles are used as anticancer agents; It has been seen that they can be used for purposes such as reducing toxicity, improving in vivo and in vitro stability. In this way, while the intracellular concentrations and toxic effects of drugs in cancer cells can be increased, their harmful effects on healthy cells can be minimized. 7,8 Silver nanoparticles (AgNP), which have an important place among nanoparticles with proven biological activities, have been proven to have cytotoxic effects in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. 9 Because AgNPs containing hybrid molecular units have outstanding biocompatibility for therapeutic environments, they are used in the design of drug delivery systems sensitive to optical, thermal and pH modulations to target malignancies, inflammatory and infectious disorders. 10 AgNPs induce ROS accumulation in cancer cells, which leads to the inflammatory response, degradation, and subsequent destruction of mitochondria. 11 AgNPs have an effective toxic effect on many types of cancer. However, the different effects of the nanoparticles used, especially in various sizes, have different effects on the cells. 12 Silica nanoparticles are among the most popular nanoparticle types among researchers due to their superior properties with functional versatility. 13 Silica nanoparticles are one of the most preferred nanoparticles because they can be easily synthesized, functionalized in many different ways, biocompatible, stable in different conditions, and easy to apply. 14 Silica nanoparticles are highly effective in cancer treatment...

Surface Modification of Metallic Nanoparticles for Targeting Drugs

“…Metallic nanoparticles show promising utility in combating drug-resistant bacterial infections [23]. For instance, conjugating silver nanoparticles with antibiotics like vancomycin enhances antimicrobial potency, even against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [24].…”