Investigation of surface roughness values of various restorative materials after brushing with blue covarine containing whitening toothpaste by two different methods: AFM and profilometer

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of whitening toothpaste on the surface roughness of resin‐based restorative materials by different measurement methods. Twenty four specimens from each of human enamel, a microhybrid composite and two nanohybrid composites discs (8.0 diameter × 4.0 mm thick) were divided into two groups (n = 12) according to toothbrushing solutıon and subjected to simulation toothbrushing (30,000 cycles) with both distilled water and whitening toothpaste containing blue covarine. Surface roughness was examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM), profilometer, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the data obtained were subjected to analysis. Ra values of Tescera (TES) were significantly higher than Sonicfill 2 (SF2) when brushing both toothbrushing solutions for initial or 30,000 cycles. Roughness increased for SF2 and TES when brushed for 30,000 cycles and was higher than enamel and Herculite XRV Ultra (HXU). Human enamel was obtained lower surface roughness values brushed with toothpaste compared with distilled water. Evaluation of the surface roughness of control groups using the AFM revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups, but significant differences were found using a profilometer. The use of abrasive whitening toothpaste containing blue covarine and the number of brushing cycles affect the surface properties of human enamel and the restorative material, and also, the clinical success of the restoration. Toothbrushing for 30,000 cycles increased the surface roughness of all materials. The type of toothbrushing solution partially has affected surface roughness.

In Vitro evaluation of the effects of whitening toothpastes on the color and surface roughness of different composite resin materials

“…Scholars have reported that there is a material-dependent interaction between toothpaste abrasiveness and the surface roughness of restorative materials [ 44 ]. Various studies have determined that the surface roughness values for micro-hybrid composite resins after the use of whitening paste are higher than for nanocomposite resin systems, as supported by our findings [ 43 – 45 ]. In our study, although there was no statistically significant difference between the surface roughness values of the micro-hybrid composite resin and the nano-hybrid composite resin after 30 days of brushing with whitening toothpaste, the numerical values for the micro-hybrid composite resin were higher than those of the nanohybrid composite resin.…”

Effect of novel whitening toothpastes on the surface roughness, microhardness, and color stability of anterior Extra Bleach White (XBW) composite: an in-vitro study

“…For BLUE SAPPHIRE pigments, Yilmaz and Kanik 23 , supported our results that the usage of abrasive toothpaste containing BLUE SAPPHIRE pigments may disturb the restoration's surface properties.…”

Effect of Different Whitening Toothpastes on Surface Roughness of Young Human Enamel

“…In the conducted in situ study, a concordance between the data obtained through contact and non-contact profilometer has been established (Macdonald et al, 2010). In a recent study, AFM analysis showed no significant difference in surface roughness among control groups, whereas significant variations were detected using a profilometer (Yılmaz & Kanık, 2022). This highlights the importance of method choice, emphasizing the need for careful selection in surface roughness assessments.…”