Membrane
separation has been considered as one of the most revolutionary
technologies for the removal of oils, dyes, or other pollutants from
wastewater. However, most membranes still face great challenges in
water permeability, antifouling property, and even antibiotic ability.
Possessing a pathogen-repellent surface is of great significance as
it can enable membranes to minimize the presence of active viral pathogens.
Herein, we demonstrate a distinct design with a molecular dynamics
simulation-guided experiment for the surface domination of antibiotic
zwitterionic nanogel membranes. The zwitterionic nanoparticle gel
(ZNG)/Cu2+/glutaraldehyde
(GA) synergy system is first simulated by introducing a ZNG into a
preset CuCl2 brine solution and into a GA ethanol solution,
in which the nanogel is observed to initially swell and subsequently
shrink with the increase of GA concentration, leading to the membrane
surface structure transition. Then, the corresponding experiments
are performed under strict conditions, and the results suggest the
surface structure transition from nanoparticles to network nanoflowers,
which are consistent with the simulated results. The obtained network
structure membrane with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic
abilities can significantly enhance the water permeability as high
as almost 40% with its original rejection rate in comparison with
unoptimizable ZNG-PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride) membranes. Moreover,
the obtained membrane achieves additional excellent antibiofouling
capacity with the antibiotic efficiency exceeding 99.3%, manifesting
remarkable potential for disinfection applications. By comparison,
the conventional antibiotic methods generally improve the membrane’s
antibiotic property solely but can hardly improve the other properties
of the membrane. That is to say, our simulation combined with the
experimental strategy significantly improved the zwitterionic membrane
property in this work, which provides a new perspective on the design
of high-performance functional materials.