Investigation of the controlling parameters on the bowing phenomenon in ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells

Yoon, Philyoung; Chung, Haseung; Song, Hyunwook; Seo, Ji Min; Shin, Seungwon

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.07.034

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Our previous study 1 8 indicated that a higher elastic modulus and lower yield strength of the sintered Al layer can yield a smaller bowing distance. A high elastic modulus with a low yield point for the Al layer is expected to provide a minimized bowing phenomenon.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In order to further popularize photovoltaics, the production cost of photovoltaic (PV) power generation should be reduced to make it as comparably low as that of the existing technologies such as fossil fuels and nuclear power. Previous studies have reported the use of less pure silicon in silicon-based solar cells sharing ~95% of PV markets, which could significantly cut down the production cost of the cell modules 1 2 . Accordingly, ultra-thin crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells have been proposed and undergone intensive development in recent years 3 4 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterizing microscale aluminum composite layer properties on silicon solar cells with hybrid 3D scanning force measurements

Bae

Choi

Chung

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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This article presents a novel technique to estimate the mechanical properties of the aluminum composite layer on silicon solar cells by using a hybrid 3-dimensional laser scanning force measurement (3-D LSFM) system. The 3-D LSFM system measures the material properties of sub-layers constituting a solar cell. This measurement is critical for realizing high-efficient ultra-thin solar cells. The screen-printed aluminum layer, which significantly affects the bowing phenomenon, is separated from the complete solar cell by removing the silicon (Si) layer with deep reactive ion etching. An elastic modulus of ~15.1 GPa and a yield strength of ~35.0 MPa for the aluminum (Al) composite layer were obtained by the 3-D LSFM system. In experiments performed for 6-inch Si solar cells, the bowing distances decreased from 12.02 to 1.18 mm while the Si layer thicknesses increased from 90 to 190 μm. These results are in excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions for ultra-thin Si thickness (90 μm) based on the obtained Al composite layer properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing microscale aluminum composite layer properties on silicon solar cells with hybrid 3D scanning force measurements

Bae

Choi

Chung

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…The degree of wafer bowing strongly depends on the thermal conditions during Al paste sintering [8]. This pehenomenon arises from mismatch of the thermal coefficient of expansion (TCE) between the silicon and the rear contact aluminum layers [9,10]. Figure 1 shows an example of severe bowing in 6-inches diameter Si wafers with 100% Al paste coverage on the rear side.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical investigation of ITO films in Al-doped crystalline silicon solar cells

Hamid

Sinin

Ahir

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Low temperature processing of crystalline Si solar cells is attractive due to lower wafer and manufacturing costs. For thinner silicon wafers, thermal mismatch between Al and Si at high temperatures leads to thermal stress and wafer bowing. In this paper, replacement of back surface Al BSF contact by ITO films has been investigated as a function of Al-doping level. ITO films were deposited on back Si surfaces with sheet resistances in ∼16-48Ω/, range. ITO/Si contact resistance increases slightly as sheet resistance is reduced, however, the variation is not significant. At sheet resistance of 25Ω/,, solar cell performance comparable to conventional AL BSF configuration. Even at sheet resistance ∼50Ω/,, it is possible to form high quality ITO/Si contact. The role of surface defects has been deemed to be critical. Without etching of Al-doped surface, surface quality is poor due to defects originating from the Al-alloy formation. As these defects are removed with controlled etching, a more pristine surface emerges that forms superior contacts with ITO film.

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From Rigid to Flexible: Progress, Challenges and Prospects of Thin c‐Si Solar Energy Devices

Gupta,

Min,

Lee

et al. 2024

Advanced Energy Materials

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The increasing adoption of solar energy as a renewable power source marks a significant shift toward clean, sustainable alternatives to conventional energy forms. A notable development in this field is the advancement of thin monocrystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells. Characterized by their lightweight, flexible nature, these solar cells promise to transform the renewable energy landscape with enhanced durability, adaptability, and portability. Amidst the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions, refining and evolving thin c‐Si solar cell technologies is crucial. This review comprehensively examines the latest progress in thin c‐Si solar energy conversion device technologies, offering an extensive overview of current methodologies for producing thin c‐Si films, advanced light trapping techniques, surface passivation strategies, and methods for managing thin wafers. It also explores the wide‐ranging applications of thin c‐Si solar cells. Furthermore, this article sheds light on the techno‐economic aspects, highlighting the intertwined challenges of commercializing these innovative cells. Through an in‐depth analysis of the latest advancements, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and industry experts, keeping them abreast of current trends and catalyzing further advancements in thin c‐Si solar cell technology.

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Investigation of the controlling parameters on the bowing phenomenon in ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Characterizing microscale aluminum composite layer properties on silicon solar cells with hybrid 3D scanning force measurements

Characterizing microscale aluminum composite layer properties on silicon solar cells with hybrid 3D scanning force measurements

Electrical investigation of ITO films in Al-doped crystalline silicon solar cells

From Rigid to Flexible: Progress, Challenges and Prospects of Thin c‐Si Solar Energy Devices

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