Investigation of the Effect of Surface Condition on the Radiant Properties of Metals

Rolling, R. E.; Funai, A. I.; Grammer, J. R.

doi:10.21236/ad0466662

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Consistency between the data points of Silvera, Aksyutov and the model supports the notion of temperature-independent optical constants of platinum. Slight variation is found in Rolling's [39] work at shorter wavelengths, however, rougher samples in the work of Rolling tended to have greater values at lower wavelengths. Relative spectral directional emissivity coefficients are evaluated and compared to the experimental work of Rolling.…”

Section: Case 1: Flat Platinum Surfacementioning

confidence: 88%

“…The relative spectral directional emissivity coefficients are once again evaluated and compared to the experimental work of Rolling [39]. Figure 6 shows the evaluation of the parallel polarized component of light across angle for several wavelengths while Figure 7 shows the same for the perpendicular polarized component of light.…”

Section: Case 2: Flat 304 Ss Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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Computation of total hemispherical emissivity from directional spectral models

King

Loyalka

et al. 2017

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. We confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and that there are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We further confirm that the order of authors listed in the manuscript has been approved by all of us. We confirm that we have given due consideration to the protection of intellectual property associated with this work and that there are no impediments to publication, including the timing of publication, with respect to intellectual property. In so doing we confirm that we have followed the regulations of our institutions concerning intellectual property.

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Section: Case 1: Flat Platinum Surfacementioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Case 2: Flat 304 Ss Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Computation of total hemispherical emissivity from directional spectral models

King

Loyalka

et al. 2017

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…Measurements of the normal spectral emittance of tungsten with a surface roughness of 10-28 m rms at temperatures between 500 and 1380 K yield values ranging from 0.52 to 0.67 at 1200 nm and from 0.45 to 0.6 at 1500 nm. 13 For surfaces with 4 -5 m rms roughness the values drop to as low as 0.45 and 0.38 at 1200 and 1500 nm. 13 Normal emittance values of 0.57 at 1200 nm and 0.47 at 1500 nm were measured on impregnated porous tungsten dispenser cathodes at room temperature by Simmons et al 14 At a temperature of 1111°C, they estimated emittances of 0.51 and 0.48 at 1000 and 1800 nm based on a balance between input and radiated power for a very large dispenser cathode.…”

Section: B Apparent Emittance Correctionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…13 For surfaces with 4 -5 m rms roughness the values drop to as low as 0.45 and 0.38 at 1200 and 1500 nm. 13 Normal emittance values of 0.57 at 1200 nm and 0.47 at 1500 nm were measured on impregnated porous tungsten dispenser cathodes at room temperature by Simmons et al 14 At a temperature of 1111°C, they estimated emittances of 0.51 and 0.48 at 1000 and 1800 nm based on a balance between input and radiated power for a very large dispenser cathode. In a very careful study, Jaafari and Free measured the emittance at 660 nm of a dispenser cathode operated at 1210°C for over 4000 h with two cold starts and one brief exposure to atmosphere.…”

Section: B Apparent Emittance Correctionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Scanning optical pyrometer for measuring temperatures in hollow cathodes

Polk

Thornber

Dang

et al. 2007

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Life-limiting processes in hollow cathodes are determined largely by the temperature of the electron emitter. To support cathode life assessment, a noncontact temperature measurement technique which employs a stepper motor-driven fiber optic probe was developed. The probe is driven inside the hollow cathode and collects light radiated by the hot interior surface of the emitter. Ratio pyrometry is used to determine the axial temperature profile. Thermocouples on the orifice plate provide measurements of the external temperature during cathode operation and are used to calibrate the pyrometer system in situ with a small oven enclosing the externally heated cathode. The diagnostic method and initial measurements of the temperature distribution in a hollow cathode are discussed.

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“…The spectral emissivity e(l,T) is taken from Touloukian [14], which contains multiple datasets. We have chosen the dataset from Rolling et al [17] as this is the dataset with conditions best applicable to our situation. The factor π comes from the integration over the solid angle, assuming the radiation from the strip has a Lambertian profile, and I(l,T) is the black body radiation curve according to Planck's law (2).…”

Section: Spectral Radiant Flux Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A calibrated integrating sphere setup to determine the infrared spectral radiant flux of high-intensity discharge lamps

Rijke¹,

Nijdam²,

Haverlag³

et al. 2011

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Abstract.A set-up that aims to determine the infrared radiation fraction of the energy balance of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps has been designed, constructed and calibrated. It consists of a high-resolution integrating sphere that can cover a wide spectral range. New in this work is that the integrating sphere measurements can be used in the infrared part of the spectrum up to 10 µm and that we have calibrated the absolute intensity in that range. No calibration standards for spectral radiant flux are readily available in the infrared. Therefore, we have used a resistive heated platinum ribbon as absolute intensity reference. As a first testcase, this new set-up was used to determine the energy balance of a Philips CDM-T 70W/830 lamp, which is a type of metal halide HID lamp. IntroductionHigh intensity discharge lamps (HID lamps) are used when compact light sources are needed with high output levels and efficacies. This study deals with the experimental determination of the energy balance of HID lamps, i.e. the distribution of the total output energy of the lamp over different spectral regions is investigated. By determining and studying the energy balance of the lamp, the understanding of the energy flows inside the lamp can be improved. This can aid in the improvement of existing lamps and development of new ones. . From these studies it can be concluded that infrared radiation is an important contribution to the energy balance of HID lamps. Infrared radiation, either in the form of radiation from the plasma or in the form of thermal radiation from the burner wall, can consume 50-75% of the total input power. The ALITE-II project's [6] primary focus was the infrared radiation of HID lamps; several papers regarding the infrared radiation from HID lamps have recently been published [7][8][9]. In these papers the focus was mainly on the continuum radiation generated by the plasma. As far as we know, other authors studying the infrared radiation of HID lamps have based their infrared work on side-on measurements, and/or did not measure the radiation beyond about 2.5 µm

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Investigation of the Effect of Surface Condition on the Radiant Properties of Metals

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Computation of total hemispherical emissivity from directional spectral models

Computation of total hemispherical emissivity from directional spectral models

Scanning optical pyrometer for measuring temperatures in hollow cathodes

A calibrated integrating sphere setup to determine the infrared spectral radiant flux of high-intensity discharge lamps

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