Investigation of the effect of combined use of alloplastic-based tricalcium phosphate bone graft and antihemorrhagic plant extract (ABS) on bone regeneration in surgically induced bone defects in nondiabetic rats: an experimental animal study

Abstract

Introduction Periodontal disease is an infectious disease with a complex pathogenesis characterized by periodontal tissue and bone loss, in which local factors, host response, environmental factors, and genetic predisposition play important roles in etiology (1). The inflammation occurring during the development of a periodontal disease may result in degeneration of bone tissue causing changes in bone morphology (2). However, in periodontal defects, various graft materials are used to remove deformities caused by tooth extraction and trauma. The aim of the bone regeneration process is to increase the volume of bone (3). In order to achieve the desired success in these applications, experimental and clinical studies are still being carried out. However, despite these studies, there is not yet an ideal graft material that will allow the lost tissues to be recovered and the bone defects to be filled completely. Studies have focused on bone structure, types of bone Background/aim: In this experimental study, we aimed to evaluate the late period effects of the combination of Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS), which has bone wound healing effects, and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) on the regeneration of bone tissue through histopathological, immunohistochemical, and radiological (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry-DEXA) methods in nondiabetic rats. Materials and methods: Sixty-four Wistar albino male rats were used. In the calvaria of the rats, a bone defect 7.0 mm in diameter was created. These rats were divided into 4 different groups. Group 1 was the control group without any treatment, a 0.125 mL Β-TCP graft was applied to Group 2, a 0.125 mL ABS was applied to Group 3, and a 0.125 mL (β-TCP + ABS) mixture was applied to group 4. Half of the rats were sacrificed on day 28 and the other half on day 56. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and DEXA analyses of the specimens were performed after the experiment. Results: As a result of the histopathological analysis, osteoblastic activity and new bone formation were found to be significantly higher in Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 than the control group on day 28 (P < 0.05). However, inflammatory cell infiltration and vascular dilatation and hemorrhage decreased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The histopathological analysis in rats on day 56 showed that osteoblastic activity in Group 2 and Group 4 was significantly higher than in the control group, but there was a statistically significant decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration and vascular dilatation and hemorrhage compared to the control group (P < 0.05). New bone formation in Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 was significantly higher than in the control group. Western blotting findings revealed that the osteonectin and osteopontin expression on day 28 was increased significantly in Group 2 and Group 4. DEXA analyses revealed that BMC values in Group 2 and Group 4 on day 28 were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in bone mineral density va...

Evaluation of the effects of Ankaferd haemostat application on bone regeneration in rats with calvarial defects: histochemical, immunohistochemical and scintigraphic study

“…They found that both β-TCP and ABS had positive histological and radiological effects on wound healing and bone formation in samples taken on day 56 after surgery [29]. In the first macroscopic examination we observed in our study, it was determined that the group with the closest appearance of scar tissue to normal structure was group with application of ABS hemostat, suggesting a positive effect of ABS hemostat on wound healing.…”

“…Recently, Kuruoğlu et al (2017) evaluated the late effects of the combination of ABS and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) using immunohistochemical methods and they found the bone healing effects of ABS hemostat in their study [17]. Afterwards, Tanık et al (2018) also investigated the late period effects of the combination of ABS and β-TCP on the regeneration of bone tissue in rats [29].…”

“…Recent studies have revealed that bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteocalcin (OC) are expressed with the initiation of mineralization with type I, type II and type X collagens in the early period of bone formation [18,29]. In past, some researchers have suggested that bone formation is reduced by impaired mineralization in mice with BSP deficiency [18].…”

Comparison of the effectiveness of Ankaferd Blood Stopper® and Emdogain in periodontal regeneration

“…ABS has also been shown to be useful for local hemostasis, wound healing, and infection control in dental surgery (Ercetin et al., 2010). Although ABS was originally produced as a hemostatic agent, it has also been reported to promote bone tissue healing through angiogenic and cell proliferation mechanisms (Bilgili et al., 2010; İşler et al., 2010; Şimşek et al., 2013; Tanik et al., 2018).…”

“…Although some studies have evaluated the benefits of ABS for bone healing (İşler et al., 2010; Pamuk et al., 2016; Şimşek et al., 2013; Tanik et al., 2018), to our knowledge there is no study that used this agent for periodontal regenerative therapy. Our hypothesis is ABS may have a positive impact on the regeneration of experimentally created periodontal defects through its angiogenic and cell proliferation‐promoting properties.…”