2020
DOI: 10.3390/s20154189
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Investigation of the Effect of the Skull in Transcranial Photoacoustic Imaging: A Preliminary Ex Vivo Study

Abstract: Although transcranial photoacoustic imaging (TCPAI) has been used in small animal brain imaging, in animals with thicker skull bones or in humans both light illumination and ultrasound propagation paths are affected. Hence, the PA image is largely degraded and in some cases completely distorted. This study aims to investigate and determine the maximum thickness of the skull through which photoacoustic imaging is feasible in terms of retaining the imaging target structure without incorporating any post processi… Show more

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Cited by 36 publications
(25 citation statements)
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“…One study evaluated distortion by imaging a square loop target embedded in a brain-mimicking gelatin phantom beneath ex vivo ovine skull. 133 Distortion due to poor image acquisition settings may be corrected or calibrated, but tissue effects cannot always be avoided or completely mitigated. Especially in the latter scenario, distortion should be included in photoacoustic image quality testing.…”
Section: Current Image Quality Evaluation Practices In Photoacoustic Imagingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One study evaluated distortion by imaging a square loop target embedded in a brain-mimicking gelatin phantom beneath ex vivo ovine skull. 133 Distortion due to poor image acquisition settings may be corrected or calibrated, but tissue effects cannot always be avoided or completely mitigated. Especially in the latter scenario, distortion should be included in photoacoustic image quality testing.…”
Section: Current Image Quality Evaluation Practices In Photoacoustic Imagingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…PA imaging has been previously applied for breast cancer, melanoma, osteoarthritis imaging, cerebral blood oxygen saturation assessment, and neuro-vasculature evaluation with and without functional hemodynamics [131][132][133][134]. Like US imaging, a major challenge in PA imaging of the brain is that the skull limits the penetration depth and causes image distortions due to acoustic aberrations [135,136]. However, fetuses and neonates are more suitable for PA imaging due to their relatively thin skull and open fontanelles [137][138][139][140].…”
Section: Photoacoustic Imagingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Acoustic sensing is based on the transmission and reception of acoustic pressure waves. Acoustic sensors are used to receive acoustic waves induced by the transmitted ultrasound (e.g., ultrasound transducers) or electromagnetic waves (e.g., in electroacoustic [ 8 , 9 ], magnetoacoustic [ 10 , 11 ], thermoacoustic [ 12 , 13 ], photoacoustic [ 7 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], X-ray acoustic [ 34 , 35 ], and proton-acoustic [ 36 , 37 ] modalities) (see Figure 1 ). Acoustic biosensors employ, for instance, the piezoelectric effect to excite acoustic waves electrically to an input transducer and to receive waves at the output transducer.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%