Investigation of the fuel influence on the carbonate looping process in 1 MWth scale

Hilz, Jochen; Helbig, Martin; Haaf, Martin; Daikeler, Alexander; Ströhle, Jochen; Epple, Bernd

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.09.016

Cited by 35 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The 1 MW th CFB pilot plant of TUDA has been utilized in the past for various applications, including calcium and chemical looping (Ströhle et al, 2014;Haaf et al, 2017Haaf et al, , 2020Ohlemüller et al, 2017;Hilz et al, 2018), as well as CFB combustion. In this work, the pilot plant is utilized to carry out combustion tests with a low rank German lignite fuel.…”

Section: General Description Of the Boilermentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a CFB Boiler Integrated With a Thermal Energy Storage System During Transient Operation

Stefanitsis¹,

Nesiadis²,

Koutita³

et al. 2020

Front. Energy Res.

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In the current work, a transient/dynamic 1-dimensional model has been developed in the commercial software APROS for the pilot 1 MW th CFB boiler of the Technical University of Darmstadt. Experiments have been performed with the same unit, the data of which are utilized for the model validation. The examined conditions correspond to the steady-state operation of the boiler at 100, 80, and 60% heat loads, as well as for transient conditions for the load changes from 80 to 60% and back to 80%. Fair agreement is observed between the simulations and the experiments regarding the temperature profiles in the riser, the heat extracted by the cooling lances, as well as the concentration of the main species in the flue gases; a small deviation is observed for the pressure drop, which, however, is close to the results of a CFD simulation run. The validated model is extended with the use of a thermal energy storage (TES) system, which utilizes a bubbling fluidized bed to store/return the particles during ramp up/down operation. Simulations are performed both with and without the use of TES for the load path 100-80-60-80-100%, and the results showed that the TES concept proved to be superior in terms of changing load flexibility, since the ramp up and down times proved to be much faster, and lower temperature drops between the loads are observed in this case.

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Section: General Description Of the Boilermentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a CFB Boiler Integrated With a Thermal Energy Storage System During Transient Operation

Stefanitsis¹,

Nesiadis²,

Koutita³

et al. 2020

Front. Energy Res.

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“…One of the main challenges of CaL is the fast sorbent reactivity decay over carbonation/calcination cycles that is mainly caused by sintering and attrition [7], [17].…”

Section: Figure 1: Typical Calcium Looping Process Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcium looping (CaL) is a promising technology for CO2 capture from the existing power generation systems and many carbon-intensive industries [4], [5]. It was first proposed for post-combustion CO2 capture by Shimizu et al [6] in 1999 and has been demonstrated at a megawatt scale [7], [8]. It is based on the reversible reaction of sorbent, such as CaO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Seawater, Aluminate Cement, and Alumina-Rich Spinel on Pelletized CaO-Based Sorbents for Calcium Looping

Morona

Erans

Hanak

2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Calcium looping (CaL) is considered as an emerging technology to reduce CO2 emissions in power generation systems and carbon-intensive industries. The main disadvantage of this technology is reactivity decay over carbonation/calcination cycles due to sintering.The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of novel sorbents for CaL. Three types of pelletised CaO-based sorbents for CO2 capture were developed by adding aluminate cement, aluminate cement with seawater or alumina rich spinel to calcined limestone. Different concentrations of seawater in deionised water solutions were tested: 1, 10, 25 and 50 vol%. All samples were tested in a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) under two different calcination conditions: mild (N2 atmosphere and 850°C during calcination) and realistic (CO2 atmosphere and 950°C during calcination).The samples were characterised using SEM and EDX. Aluminate cement CaO-based sorbents exhibited better performance in the TGA tests (25% conversion after 20 cycles achieved by limestone and 35% with aluminate cement CaO-based pellets, under mild conditions, and 11% conversion after 20 cycles with limestone compared to 15% utilising aluminate cement CaO-based pellets, under realistic conditions). However, doping had a negative effect in the reactivity of the sorbent. Moreover, alumina rich spinel CaObased sorbents showed the worst performance.

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“…In order to reduce the accumulation of ash in the CaL loop, PC is assumed to be fed in the calciner (Hilz et al, 2018), allowing to selectively separate the coarser sorbent particles from the fine ash in the cyclones, with different efficiencies (assumed equal to 99.9% and 90% for sorbent and ash respectively).…”

Section: Reference Pcpp+cal Power Plant Without Solids Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Flexibility and Economics of Calcium Looping Power Plants by Thermochemical Energy Storage

2018

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In this work, a Calcium looping (CaL) system including high temperature sorbent storage is presented, allowing to reduce the size of the calciner and the associated capital-intensive equipment (ASU and CPU). Reduction of the capital costs is particularly important for power plants with low capacity factors, which is becoming increasingly frequent for fossil fuel power plants in electric energy mixes with increasing share of intermittent renewables. The process assessment is performed by: (i) defining pulverized coal power plant (PCPP) with CaL capture system with and without sorbent storage and their mass and energy balances at nominal load; (ii) defining a simple method to predict the performance of the plant at part-load; (iii) defining the economic model, including functions for the estimation of the plant equipment cost; (iv) performing yearly simulations of the systems to calculate yearly electricity production, CO 2 emissions and levelized cost of electricity for different sizes of the calcination line and the storage system and (v) performing sensitivity analysis with different power production plans and carbon taxes. With this process, optimal size of the calciner and of the storage system minimizing the cost of electricity have been found. The optimal plant design was found to correspond to a solids storage system sized to manage the weekly cycling and a calciner line sized on the average weekly load. However, to avoid excessively large solids storage system, sizing the calciner on the average daily load and the storage system to manage the daily cycling appears more feasible from the logistic viewpoint and leads to minor economic penalty compared with the optimal plant design. For the selected case sized on the daily cycling, reduction of the cost of CO 2 avoided between 16% and 26% have been obtained compared to the reference CaL plant without solids storage, for representative medium and low capacity factor scenarios respectively.

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Investigation of the fuel influence on the carbonate looping process in 1 MWth scale

Cited by 35 publications

References 28 publications

Simulation of a CFB Boiler Integrated With a Thermal Energy Storage System During Transient Operation

Simulation of a CFB Boiler Integrated With a Thermal Energy Storage System During Transient Operation

Effect of Seawater, Aluminate Cement, and Alumina-Rich Spinel on Pelletized CaO-Based Sorbents for Calcium Looping

Improved Flexibility and Economics of Calcium Looping Power Plants by Thermochemical Energy Storage

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