Investigation of the Human Resources Needs for the Effective and Efficient Implementation of the Sheep and Goat Brucellosis Program in Greece

Katsiolis, Aristomenis; Thanou, Olga; Tzani, Myrsini; Dile, Chrysoula; Korou, Marilina; Stournara, Athanasia; Petridou, Evanthia; Giadinis, Nektarios D.

doi:10.7251/vetjen1802270k

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Infected animals are slaughtered separately from healthy animals, taking all necessary biosecurity measures [10]. Unfortunately, this scheme did not result in eradication due to various reasons, and brucellosis remains endemic in livestock in Greece [11].…”

Section: Descriptive Results Estimated Relative Risks and Rr90mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Human Brucellosis Based on Infection Rate and Vaccination Coverage of Sheep and Goats

et al. 2022

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In this study, the vaccination coverage, serological sampling and infection rate of sheep and goats were evaluated as predictors for the modeling of human brucellosis in Greece. The human brucellosis disease frequency per local regional unit (RU) varied significantly (RR90) among consecutive years. The notification rate was higher (p < 0.001) in the RUs with implementation of vaccination in sheep and goats (vaccination zone—VZ) with a median of 1.4 (IQR 0.0–3.1) compared with the RUs of the eradication zone (EZ) with a median of 0.0 (IQR 0.0–0.0). In VZ, the increased frequency of human cases was associated with delayed vaccine administration (estimate: 0.14 (0.04; 0.29), p = 0.03) and higher vaccination coverage of the animals (estimate: −0.349 (−0.72; −0.07), p < 0.01). However, the flock sampling rate was highly heterogenous among RUs (IQR 10.56–52.93), and inconsistent within RUs throughout the period of the study 2013–2017 (p = 0.001), limiting the reliable estimation of the infection rate in livestock and the design of an integrated One Health model for human disease.

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Section: Descriptive Results Estimated Relative Risks and Rr90mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Human Brucellosis Based on Infection Rate and Vaccination Coverage of Sheep and Goats

et al. 2022

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“…strains from clinical specimens was identified as B. melitensis [9]. It should be noted that in Greece, an ongoing vaccination and monitoring program takes place during the last two decades, in an effort to eradicate the disease by slaughtering infected animals and protecting young ones [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella spp. distribution, hosting ruminants from Greece, applying various molecular identification techniques

et al. 2022

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Background Brucellosis still remains an endemic disease for both livestock and human in Greece, influencing the primary sector and national economy in general. Although farm animals and particularly ruminants constitute the natural hosts of the disease, transmission to humans is not uncommon, thus representing a serious occupational disease as well. Under this prism, knowledge concerning Brucella species distribution in ruminants is considered a high priority. There are various molecular methodologies for Brucella detection with however differential discriminant capacity. Hence, the aim of this survey was to achieve nationally Brucella epidemiology baseline genotyping data at species and subtype level, as well as to evaluate the pros and cons of different molecular techniques utilized for detection of Brucella species. Thirty-nine tissue samples from 30 domestic ruminants, which were found positive applying a screening PCR, were tested by four different molecular techniques i.e. sequencing of the 16S rRNA, the BP26 and the OMP31 regions, and the MLVA typing panel 1 assay of minisatellite markers. Results Only one haplotype was revealed from the 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, indicating that molecular identification of Brucella bacteria based on this marker might be feasible solely up to genus level. BP26 sequencing analysis and MLVA were in complete agreement detecting both B. melitensis and B. abortus. An interesting exception was observed in 11 samples, of lower quality extracted DNA, in which not all expected MLVA amplicons were produced and identification was based on the remaining ones as well as on BP26. On the contrary OMP31 failed to provide a clear band in any of the examined samples. Conclusions The present study reveals the constant circulation of Brucella bacteria in ruminants throughout Greece. Further, according to our results, BP26 gene represents a very good alternative to MLVA minisatellite assay, particularly in lower quality DNA samples.

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“…Animals found positive in RBT and/or CFT are slaughtered separately from healthy ones, taking all necessary biosecurity measures to prevent the spreading of infection (Tzani, et al, 2012, Greek Ministerial Decision on sheep & goat brucellosis programme, 3339/117339 2016). Unfortunately, this approach was unsuccessful due to various reasons (Katsiolis, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection of Brucella spp. in Ruminant Herds in Greece

Katsiolis¹,

Papanikolaou²,

Stournara³

et al. 2021

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Brucellosis is a worldwide distributed infectious disease. Ruminants and other animal species (swine, dogs, equids etc), as well as wild mammals can be affected. The disease can be transmitted to humans through the food chain or by direct contact with infected animals. Because of the relatively high economic burden due to abortions within a herd, significant efforts have been employed and hence the disease in most European countries has been eradicated. Accordingly, Greece applies both control and eradication programs concerning small ruminants (sheep and goats) and bovines depending on the geographical area. Current challenges in the standard antibody-based laboratory methods used for Brucella detection are the failure to differentiate antibodies against the wild strain from the ones against the vaccine strain Rev1 and antibodies against B. melitensis from those against B. abortus. The aim of the study was to modify previously published protocols based on PCR analysis and to generate a new diagnostic tool able to confirm the doubtful results delivered from serology and mainly to do easier and more reliable the detection of Brucella. For this reason, 264 samples derived from 191 ruminants of the farm and divided in 2 groups (male/female) were examined with a modified DNA extraction and PCR protocol. Molecular examination revealed the presence of Brucella spp. in 39 out of 264 samples (derived from 30 animals). In addition, Brucella spp. was detected in infected tissues derived from testicles, inguinal lymph nodes, fetal liver and fetal stomach content molecular detection of than other infected tissues.

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Investigation of the Human Resources Needs for the Effective and Efficient Implementation of the Sheep and Goat Brucellosis Program in Greece

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Modelling Human Brucellosis Based on Infection Rate and Vaccination Coverage of Sheep and Goats

Modelling Human Brucellosis Based on Infection Rate and Vaccination Coverage of Sheep and Goats

Brucella spp. distribution, hosting ruminants from Greece, applying various molecular identification techniques

Molecular Detection of Brucella spp. in Ruminant Herds in Greece

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