Investigation of the Information Possibilities of the Parameters of Vibroacoustic Signals Accompanying the Processing of Materials by Concentrated Energy Flows

Abstract

Creating systems for monitoring technology processes based on concentrated energy flows is an urgent and challenging task for automated production. Similar processes accompany such processing technologies: intensive thermal energy transfer to the substance, heating, development of the melting and evaporation or sublimation, ionization, and expansion of the released substance. It is accompanied by structural and phase rearrangements, local changes in volumes, chemical reactions that cause perturbations of the elastic medium, and the propagation of longitudinal and transverse waves in a wide frequency range. Vibrational energy propagates through the machine’s elastic system, making it possible to register vibrations on surfaces remotely. Vibration parameters can be used in monitoring systems to prevent negative phenomena during processing and to be a tool for understanding the processes’ kinetics. In some cases, it is the only source of information about the progress in the processing zone.

Display of WEDM Quality Indicators of Heat-Resistant Alloy Processing in Acoustic Emission Parameters

“…This is carried out for a more visual representation on the graphs of parameters that have a significant discrepancy in absolute units of measurement. As shown in [2,5], AE signals accompany not only the processes of the melting and evaporation of materials but also the processes of the propagation of thermal stress waves, phase rearrangement, and crystallization. In this work, an attempt was made to relate the formation processes of a white layer (WL) on the workpiece surface after WEDM with the performance and parameters of the AE signals.…”

“…Electrical discharge machining refers to technologies based on exposure to the surface of the workpiece with CEF (concentrated energy flows) [1][2][3][4]. The use of this technology is dictated by a modern approach to the manufacturing of products from materials that are difficult to process by traditional methods [5][6][7]. The main advantage of EDM technologies is that they allow for the processing of any conductive materials from which parts of the aviation and space industry are made.…”

“…The design of such equipment requires its saturation with the means of obtaining information, with the help of which it is possible to obtain real-time information about the current state of the treatment process. This is necessary for the automatic correction of modes and the elimination of negative situations associated with short circuits [5], with conditions that threaten to break the wire electrode and with a decrease in the quality of the resulting surfaces [14][15][16]. The electrical parameters of discharge pulses generated in the interelectrode gap are traditionally used as a source of information about the progress of the workflow in the equipment for EDM.…”

“…However, this approach has its drawbacks, leading to the fact that, in the natural process, the treatment is accompanied by both short circuits and breaks of the wire electrode. The situation worsens when processing new materials with low electrical conductivity, such as cermet [5,10]. To study the features of the WEDM of such materials, and to expand the informative capabilities of monitoring systems, researchers are trying to attract new sources of information about the course of the technological process.…”

“…In the literature, you can find many articles with research results on the possibilities of monitoring the technological processes of traditional treatment by monitoring acoustic signals [29][30][31][32]. It was shown in [2,5] that acoustic monitoring can also be applied to technologies for processing with concentrated energy flows. These are laser processing, electron beam doping, and EDM.…”