Investigation of the mechanism of small size effect in carbon-based supercapacitors

Zhao, Chenyang; Zhao, Chengyao; Liu, Qi; Liu, Xiaohui; Lu, Xiaopeng; Pang, Chao-Ran; Liu, Yujing; Liu, Zhongqiu; Ying, Anguo

doi:10.1039/d1nr02765d

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Yang et al 82 The diaza-cage monomer, ADBr, 8 (1-(2-acryloyoxyethyl)azonium-4-aza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane bromide), was derived from 2-bromoethyl acrylate and DABCO (diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane), developed for use in forming mesoporous supports for iron oxide nanoparticles 84 and polyacrylonitrile nanoparticles 85 for catalytic and supercapacitor applications, respectively. The diaza-cage, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (triethylenediamine), was quaternized by reacting with 2-bromoethyl acrylate.…”

Section: Vinyl Monomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…616 The PILderived core−shell structure displayed remarkable catalytic activity and high selectivity in self-dehydrogenation and Apart from PILderived carbon-based catalysts, a number of carbon materials with special structures originating from PIL precursors were used as efficient electrodes in supercapacitors and batteries. 85,420,742 Josef et al reported a conductive carbon fiber that can replace metal as a collector in supercapacitors, as shown in Figure 48. 743 The synthesized PIL and 5 wt % PVP were mixed and then electrospun in an organic acid crosslinked solution to preserve the fiber structure.…”

Section: Pil Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Polymerized and Colloidal Ionic Liquids─Syntheses and Applications

Li,

Yan,

Texter

2024

Chem. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The breadth and importance of polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) are steadily expanding, and this review updates advances and trends in syntheses, properties, and applications over the past five to six years. We begin with an historical overview of the genesis and growth of the PIL field as a subset of materials science. The genesis of ionic liquids (ILs) over nano to meso lengthscales exhibiting 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D topologies defines colloidal ionic liquids, CILs, which compose a subclass of PILs and provide a synthetic bridge between IL monomers (ILMs) and micro to macroscale PIL materials. The second focus of this review addresses design and syntheses of ILMs and their polymerization reactions to yield PILs and PIL-based materials. A burgeoning diversity of ILMs reflects increasing use of nonimidazolium nuclei and an expanding use of step-growth chemistries in synthesizing PIL materials. Radical chain polymerization remains a primary method of making PILs and reflects an increasing use of controlled polymerization methods.Step-growth chemistries used in creating some CILs utilize extensive cross-linking. This cross-linking is enabled by incorporating reactive functionalities in CILs and PILs, and some of these CILs and PILs may be viewed as exotic cross-linking agents. The third part of this update focuses upon some advances in key properties, including molecular weight, thermal properties, rheology, ion transport, self-healing, and stimuli-responsiveness. Glass transitions, critical solution temperatures, and liquidity are key thermal properties that tie to PIL rheology and viscoelasticity. These properties in turn modulate mechanical properties and ion transport, which are foundational in increasing applications of PILs. Cross-linking in gelation and ionogels and reversible step-growth chemistries are essential for self-healing PILs. Stimuli-responsiveness distinguishes PILs from many other classes of polymers, and it emphasizes the importance of segmentally controlling and tuning solvation in CILs and PILs. The fourth part of this review addresses development of applications, and the diverse scope of such applications supports the increasing importance of PILs in materials science. Adhesion applications are supported by ionogel properties, especially crosslinking and solvation tunable interactions with adjacent phases. Antimicrobial and antifouling applications are consequences of the cationic nature of PILs. Similarly, emulsion and dispersion applications rely on tunable solvation of functional groups and on how such groups interact with continuous phases and substrates. Catalysis is another significant application, and this is an historical tie between ILs and PILs. This component also provides a connection to diverse and porous carbon phases templated by PILs that are catalysts or serve as supports for catalysts. Devices, including sensors and actuators, also rely on solvation tuning and stimuliresponsiveness that include photo and electrochemical stimuli. We conclude our view of applications with 3D printi...

show abstract

Section: Vinyl Monomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pil Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerized and Colloidal Ionic Liquids─Syntheses and Applications

Li,

Yan,

Texter

2024

Chem. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Experiments and atomic simulations have proven that when the material structure size decreases to the micro/nano scale, the impact of small size cannot be ignored [5,6]. However, as the size decreases, the material will exhibit scale effects [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of surface effects on axisymmetric vibration of graded porous Mindlin circular nanoplate in a temperature field

Li,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Z Angew Math Mech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The surface effect significantly affects the mechanical response of nanoscale materials. In this work, we introduce Gurtin‐Murdoch surface elasticity theory into Mindlin plate theory to study the axisymmetric vibration characteristic of graded porous circular nanoplate in a temperature field. The main structure is a porous graded material with uniform or non‐uniform porosity distribution in its thickness. The numerical shooting technique was applied to solve the governing differential equations derived from Hamilton's principle. Responses for the vibration characteristic of the graded porous nanoplate for both clamped and simply supported boundary conditions were obtained. The numerical results show that when the surface effect is removed, the classical results of Mindlin circular plate will be obtained. Natural frequencies and mode shapes varying with thermal and porosity coefficients were present graphically. And then the effects of surface material properties on the axisymmetric vibration characteristic of the nanoplates were discussed in detail. The parametric study examined the influence of porosity coefficient, porosity distribution mode, surface elastic parameters, and residual surface stress on the vibration characteristics of porous circular nanoplates.

show abstract

“…Carbon, transition metal oxides and conducting polymer-based nanomaterials have been widely utilised as electrode active substances for SC's applications. However, carbon is still the most deployed active material in commercially used supercapacitor devices since using conducting polymers and transition metal oxide-based nanomaterials can result in inferior power densities of SC devices, which is the fundamental advantage for the preferred use of SCs in many high-power delivery applications [11,12]. Carbonbased materials are commonly used in SCs because of their excellent physical, chemical, and electrochemical characteristics including very high surface area, control over porous structures, good electrical conductivities, chemical inertness, structural stability, control of functionalisation, and flexibility of producing a wide range of composites [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-Based Materials for Supercapacitors: Recent Progress, Challenges and Barriers

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Swift developments in electronic devices and future transportation/energy production directions have forced researchers to develop new and contemporary devices with higher power capacities, extended cycle lives, and superior energy densities. Supercapacitors are promising devices with excellent power densities and exceptionally long cycle lives. However, commercially available supercapacitors, which commonly use high-surface-area carbon-based electrodes and organic solutions as electrolytes, suffer from inferior energy densities due to the limited accessibility of surface area and constrained operating potential window of electrolytes. To address the issue of inferior energy densities, new high-capacity electrode materials and new/state-of-the-art electrolytes, such as ionic liquids, gel polymers, or even solid-state electrolytes, have been developed and evaluated vigorously in recent years. In this brief review, different types of supercapacitors, according to their charge storage mechanisms, have been discussed in detail. Since carbon-based active materials are the key focus of this review, synthesis parameters, such as carbonisation, activation, and functionalisation, which can impact a material’s physiochemical characteristics, ultimately affecting the performance of supercapacitors, are also discussed. Finally, the synthesis and applications of different carbon-based materials, i.e., carbon nanotubes, graphene, and activated carbon, have been reviewed, followed by conclusions and outlook.

show abstract

Investigation of the mechanism of small size effect in carbon-based supercapacitors

Abstract: Small size effect could be conducive to enhancing the electrochemical performance, while the mechanism by which they also increase the capacitance for carbon electrode materials has not been established. Here,...

Cited by 12 publications

References 74 publications

Polymerized and Colloidal Ionic Liquids─Syntheses and Applications

Polymerized and Colloidal Ionic Liquids─Syntheses and Applications

The influence of surface effects on axisymmetric vibration of graded porous Mindlin circular nanoplate in a temperature field

Carbon-Based Materials for Supercapacitors: Recent Progress, Challenges and Barriers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About