Investigation of the Performance and Recession Mechanisms of High‐Nickel Ternary Lithium‐Ion Batteries Under Artificial Aging Discharge Rates

Abstract

Using a series of electrochemical performance tests and post-mortem analysis, herein, the performance and aging mechanisms of high-nickel lithium-ion batteries after accelerated aging at different discharge rates are investigated. The results show that the loss of lithium ions and the generation of a solid electrolyte interphase are the main causes for capacity fading at relatively low aging discharge rates. When the aging rate increases to 3 C, the performance of the battery deteriorates significantly, and structural damage becomes the main reason for attenuation, which means that the aging mechanism changed. It is expected that this investigation will improve the safety performance of the retired high-nickel ternary lithium batteries.

Application of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Degradation and Aging Research of Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Zheng et al used varying discharge rates from 0.5 to 3C to accelerate the aging of the NMC batteries. 128 As shown in Figure 7c, the capacity loss accelerates when the discharge rate increases to 3C, although all of them show a linear degradation tendency without distinct capacity plunge. The Nyquist plots of the batteries show a gradual increase of different impedances at the low discharge rates, while R ct dramatically increases at a 3C discharge rate.…”

“…(c) Discharge rate: variation of capacity and EIS of batteries after cycling at different discharge rates; schematic diagram of the change of degradation mechanisms. Reprinted with permission from ref . Copyright 2022 John Wiley and Sons.…”

“…It could be determined that the battery would quickly degrade to end-of-life with a totally different aging process and degradation mechanism if the charge rate is too high. Zheng et al used varying discharge rates from 0.5 to 3C to accelerate the aging of the NMC batteries . As shown in Figure c, the capacity loss accelerates when the discharge rate increases to 3C, although all of them show a linear degradation tendency without distinct capacity plunge.…”

Lithium-Ion Battery Power Performance Assessment for the Climb Step of an Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) Application

“…The majority of studies of high-power lithium-ion batteries have focused on discharge rates ranging from 2 C to 5 C rates. − There is a significant body of literature delving into materials, processing, and cell configurations with the aim to improve the rate performance at the high discharge rates through both experimental as well as modeling approaches. − Further, most of the power studies only investigate discharge behaviors at high rates over the entire range of the depth of discharge of the battery. While these studies are extremely useful for electric vehicle applications, there is an increasing demand for more high-power-driven studies to assess the extremely fast charge and discharge needs for advanced air mobility applications.…”