Investigation of the potential risks to the human health risk of fluoride and nitrate via water consumption for some areas in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq

Al-Gadi, Noor A. S.; Al-Saffawi, Abdul-Aziz Y.; Béjaoui, M.; Mahmoudi, Ebrahim

doi:10.1007/s11600-022-01006-z

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The presence of nitrates is one of the vital factors for assessing the quality of groundwater [15,16]. As a result of its serious effects on human and animal health, the (NPI) was estimated where: NPI = degree of water pollution with nitrates for the study areas, Ci = measured nitrate ion concentration in groundwater, HAN = acceptable nitrate levels for humans (10 ppm) according to (AL-HAMDANY et. al., 2020;MUHIB et.…”

Section: Nitrate Pollution Index (Npi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Possible Human Health Risks of Nitrates in Drinking Water.: A Case Study of Groundwater in Wana District, Northern Iraq.

Al-Hussein,

Al-Saffawi,

Al-Shaker

2023

NAT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this research is to determine how dangerous nitrates (HHRNO3) in the drinking water of the Wana district northeast of Mosul are to human health. Where 100 water samples were taken from 10 wells across the region, between July 2022 and January 2023, to determine the average nitrate ion concentration, the average chronic nitrate ion intake, and the risk quotient (QHI) for people of varying ages. According to the study's findings, nitrate concentrations ranged from (3.0 to 15) ppm at a rate that did not exceed (12.3 ± 0.05) ppm, which is within limits recommended by the World Health Organization, which was reflected in the NPI values to range between (-0.27 to 0.23) to classify the studied water is from the category of clean water to light polluted with nitrates. As for the effects of nitrates' chronic daily intake (CDI) and risk factor (QHI), they fluctuated between (0.081 to 0.876) mg kg-1 daily, and (0.548 to 0.050) successively, the highest values were in infants, followed by children aged (6 to 11) years, then elderly females, with values (0.554 and 0.474) mg kg-1 daily and (0.346 and 0.296), consecutively. While the age group (16 to 18) years was the least affected by the dangers of nitrates, the chronic daily intake values and the risk quotient ranged between (0.081 to 0.330) mg kg-1 daily, and (0.050 to 0.206). Thus, the studied water is considered safe for drinking because it is within the levels recommended by the US. Environmental Protection Agency (QHI=1.0). Keywords: nitrate; NPI; HHRNO3. Possíveis riscos à saúde humana por nitratos na água potável: um estudo de caso de água subterrânea no Distrito de Wana, Norte do Iraque RESUMO: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a periculosidade para a sáude humana associado aos nitratos (HHRNO3) na água potável do distrito de Wana, a nordeste de Mosul. Foram coletadas 100 amostras de água, de 10 poços em toda a região, entre julho de 2022 e janeiro de 2023, para determinar a concentração média de íons de nitrato, a ingestão crônica média de íons de nitrato e o quociente de risco (QHI) para pessoas de várias idades. De acordo com os resultados do estudo, as concentrações de nitrato variaram de 3,0 a 15 ppm, a uma taxa que não ultrapassou 12,3±0,05 ppm, sendo considerado dentro dos limites recomendados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. Isso refletiu nos valores do NPI entre -0,27 a 0,23, permitindo classificar a água estudada como da categoria de água limpa para poluição com nitratos. Quanto aos efeitos da ingestão diária crônica de nitratos (CDI) e fator de risco (QHI), esses indices oscilaram de 0,081 a 0,876 mg kg-1 diariamente, e de 0,548 a 0,050, respectivamente. Os maiores valores foram obtidos em lactentes, seguidos por crianças com idade de 6 a 11 anos (0,554 e 0,474 mg kg-1 diariamente) e idosos do sexo feminino (0,346 e 0,296) consecutivamente. Enquanto a faixa etária (16 a 18) anos foi a menos afetada pelos perigos dos nitratos. Os valores de ingestão diária crônica e o quociente de risco variaram de 0,081 a 0,330 mg kg-1 diariamente e de 0,050 a 0,206. Assim, a água estudada é considerada segura para consume, por estar dentro dos níveis recomendados pelos EUA, com QHI=1,0. Palavras-chave: nitrato; NPI; HHRNO3.

show abstract

Section: Nitrate Pollution Index (Npi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrates are chemical molecules and the byproducts of physiological processes that make nitrite, which is subsequently converted to nitric oxide., which plays an effective role in preventing cardiovascular diseases such as stroke (ZUCKERBRAUN et. al., 2017;AL-HAMDANY et. al., 2020;AL-GADI et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Human Health Risks of Nitrates in Drinking Water.: A Case Study of Groundwater in Wana District, Northern Iraq.

Al-Hussein,

Al-Saffawi,

Al-Shaker

2023

NAT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The entry of NO 3 − into the ocean via estuaries presents a signi cant and alarming threat to the stability of marine ecosystems (Duhamel et al, 2021). Prolonged utilization of potable water with elevated levels of NO 3 − can have severe impacts on human health and pose various risks (Al-Gadi et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple isotopes reveal the nitrate sources in Aojiang River Basin, Eastern China

Li,

Sun,

Cui

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Excessive levels of nitrate (NO3−) in water pose a significant environmental challenge on a global scale. Hence, it is of utmost importance to determine the sources of NO3− and evaluate their corresponding contributions as a means to improve aquatic quality. To address this issue, a recent research undertaking was conducted in the Aojiang River basin located in Eastern China. The study involved the collection of surface water samples throughout both the dry and wet seasons. Various hydrochemical indicators, along with dual NO3− isotopes (δ15N–NO3− and δ18O–NO3−), were utilized to determine the sources of NO3− contamination and assess the relative contributions made by various sources. The findings revealed that nitrification, a process involving the conversion of nitrogen, was the primary nitrogen transformation mechanism within the study area throughout the sampling period. According to the isotopic analysis of NO3−, it was revealed that the primary contributors to the elevated NO3− were manure and sewage (M&S), soil nitrogen (SN), and nitrogen fertilizer (NF). Furthermore, the results obtained from the MixSIAR model, a Bayesian model that employs stable isotope analysis within the R software, demonstrated that the proportional contributions of atmospheric deposition (AD), NF, M&S, and SN to NO3− were 2.84%, 19.63%, 44.67%, and 34.87%, respectively, during the dry season. In the wet season, the corresponding contributions were 3.61%, 22.32%, 32.37%, and 41.70%, respectively. This study serves as valuable evidence for advancing our understanding of the sources, transport, and transformation of nitrogen in the Aojiang River basin, thereby facilitating improved management strategies for nitrogen contamination.

show abstract

“…As it was listed as a carcinogenic substance by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) as a result of its interactions with amines and amides to form nitrous-amine or amide compounds, this topic has received global attention due to its devastating effects on human health (Patel et al, 2020;Kom et al, 2022;Alharbi and El-Sorogy, 2023). Groundwater is used directly without any treatment, which may cause potential risks for consumers of this water as more than 85% of drinking water supplies depend on groundwater resources, especially residents of rural areas (Al Gadi et al, 2023). Despite the importance of nitrates as a nitrogen source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For plants to manufacture compounds necessary for life, but exposure to high concentrations may cause damage to plants such as deterioration in the quality and quantity of plant production with the possibility of accumulation in plant tissues that threaten the health of consumers. After nitrates enter the mouth through water or vegetables, they are reduced by the anaerobic bacteria present under the tongue to nitrite ions, and approximately 25% of the nitrates absorbed by the salivary glands are reduced to be excreted again into the mouth and then to the stomach and intestines to react with amines or amides, if any, to form nitrous-amine or amide compounds, as in the following chemical equations (Al-Mashhadany, 2022;Al Gadi et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of nitrate concentrations in groundwater of Tal Abta SubDistrict, Iraq: Health risks and pollution evaluation

Ibrahim Al-Sallal,

Y.T. Al-Saffawi

2023

CESA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current study included estimating the concentration of nitrate ions in order to determine the health risks to humans and animals of the groundwater in Tal Abta sub-district, Hatra district within Nineveh governorate. The results indicated that the nitrate levels ranged between (12.31-12.71) ppm. Thus, 100% of the studied samples were within the permissible international standard limits for drinking. This relative increase in nitrates was reflected in the chronic daily intake (CDI) values and risk quotient (HQ) for nitrates, which ranged between (0.896116-0.332057) mg/kg. day and (0.207535-0.560073), consecutively. Fortunately, the nitrate risk quotient was within the safe levels for drinking (HQ = 1.0) according to the US-EPA, and despite this, the infant group was more affected by nitrates, while the age group (18 to 16) was less affected compared to the studied age groups, With regard to the results of the nitrate pollution index (NPI), the values ranged between (0.258-0.237), so that the water quality is in the category of Light Polluted.

show abstract

Investigation of the potential risks to the human health risk of fluoride and nitrate via water consumption for some areas in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Possible Human Health Risks of Nitrates in Drinking Water.: A Case Study of Groundwater in Wana District, Northern Iraq.

Possible Human Health Risks of Nitrates in Drinking Water.: A Case Study of Groundwater in Wana District, Northern Iraq.

Multiple isotopes reveal the nitrate sources in Aojiang River Basin, Eastern China

Assessment of nitrate concentrations in groundwater of Tal Abta SubDistrict, Iraq: Health risks and pollution evaluation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About