“…In the recent years, several investigations have employed soft ionization techniques, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) [104][105][106][107], electrospray ionization (ESI) [108,109], and collision-induced dissociation (CID) [110][111][112][113][114], to study the ionization and fragmentation of different amino acids and small peptides in the gas phase. Gas-phase investigations of LEE-induced damage to protein subunits have been reported for the amino acids alanine [115], tyrosine [116], glycine [117,118], proline [119,120], cysteine [121], and serine [122,123], as well as small peptides, such as dialanine [124] and amino acid esters [125].…”