Investigation of the Relationship Between Oral Lesions and Early Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation in Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation in Intensive Care Unit

Oral status and affecting factors in Iranian ICU patients: a cross-sectional study

“…The results of this study showed that 14.4% of ICU patients had moderate and severe lip disorder, which is in line with the study conducted by Dakrose et al in 2014, in which 72 h after admission, 17% of ICU patients had lip ulcers [14]. Lip disorders in ICU patients are affected by the presence of a tracheal tube, tracheal tube fixers, decreasing consciousness level, fever, and dehydration [14,7]. Moreover, insufficient attention to lip care, improper fixing of the tracheal tube, and inappropriate nursing checklist to assess the lip condition are other reasons.…”

“…In this study, 49.3% of patients had moderate and severe teeth disorders. Masoumi et al (2015) found the number of oral lesions on the fourth day was 90.54% in ICU patients, and the number of teeth disorders was high and had a direct relationship with VAP [7]. Teeth disorders in ICU patients are disturbances of normal oral flora respiratory infections such as pneumonia.…”

“…We exclude the patients with incomplete information in their records and no consent to participate in the study. The tool had three elements; the demographic characteristics form including gender, job, educational level, marital status, age, income, and height; the clinical checklist consists of the person in charge of mouth care, using a toothbrush, materials used for mouth washing, using ointment, GCS, total duration of intubation, number of mouth wash per day, diet method, received food type, and having NG-tube; and the standard scale for examining oral cavity status entitled Beck Oral Assessment Scale (BOAS) [7].…”

“…The highest the score, the more severe of oral disorder. Likewise, a score of 5 indicates no disorder, 6-10 mild disorder, 11-15 moderate disorder, and 16-20 severe disorder [7]. It was designed and validated by Beck in 1974 [12].…”

“…Additionally, 69% did not have enough time for oral care, 40% considered oral care unpleasant, and 83.8% of nurses wanted more training about oral care [6]. In Masoumi et al 's study on the prevalence of oral disorders in patients admitted to the ICUs of a hospital in Zanjan-Iran, the prevalence of oral cavity disorder was 79.7% on the third day and 90.54% on the fourth day of admission [7]. In another study in ICUs of Birjand hospitals in Iran, 84.9% of nurses were trained in oral care, however, oral care was ranked as the 10th priority of nursing care [8].…”