Investigation of Thermal, Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties of 3D-Printed Functionally Graded Nanocomposite Materials

Alsaadi, Mohamad; Hinchy, Eoin P.; McCarthy, Conor T.; Moritz, Vicente F.; Portela, Alexandre; Devine, Declan M.

doi:10.3390/nano13192658

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…Alsaadi et al [21] investigated the properties of a 3D-printed protocurable resin with melamine-functionalized GnP (m-GnP). At 0.1 wt% m-GnP, improvements were seen in fracture toughness (18%), tensile strength (35%), and impact resistance (78%) compared to neat resin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing the shape memory behaviour of GnP-enhanced nanocomposites: a comparative study between experimental and finite element analysis

Gupta,

Mittal,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are capable of enduring significant deformations and returning to their original form upon activation by certain external stimuli. However, their restricted mechanical and thermal capabilities have limited their broader application in engineering fields. To address this, the integration of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) with SMPs has proven effective in enhancing their mechanical and thermal properties while maintaining inherent shape memory functions. The study evaluated shape memory nanocomposites (SMNCs) using dynamic mechanical, thermogravimetric, and static tensile, flexural, and shape memory tests, along with scanning electron microscopy to analyse tensile fractures. The results indicate that the optimal content of GnP is 0.6 wt%, resulting in excellent shape memory, thermal, and mechanical properties. Specifically, this composition demonstrates a shape recovery ratio of 94.02%, a storage modulus of 4580.07 MPa, a tensile strength of 61.42 MPa, and a flexural strength of 116.37 MPa. Additionally, the incorporation of GnPs into epoxy reduces recovery times by up to 52% at the 0.6 wt% concentration. While there is a slight decrease in the shape fixity ratio from 98.77% to 93.02%, the shape recoverability remains consistently high across all samples. Current finite element (FE) models often necessitate complex, problem-specific user subroutines, which can impede the straightforward application of research findings in real-world settings. To address this, the current study introduces an innovative finite element simulation method using the widely used ABAQUS software to model the thermomechanical behaviour of SMNCs, importantly incorporating the time-dependent viscoelastic behaviour of the material. The effectiveness of this new approach was tested by comparing experimental results from bending test of SMNCs cantilever beam with outcomes derived from FE simulations. The strong agreement between the experimental data and simulation results confirmed the precision and reliability of this novel technique.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing the shape memory behaviour of GnP-enhanced nanocomposites: a comparative study between experimental and finite element analysis

Gupta,

Mittal,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Comparative study on shape memory, mechanical, and thermomechanical properties of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets modified bidirectional (twill) carbon fiber polymer composites

Gupta,

Mittal,

Nhaichaniya

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The research conducts a comparative analysis of epoxy/bi‐directional (twill) carbon fiber three‐phase shape memory hybrid composites modified with MWCNT and GnP, examining their mechanical, thermomechanical, and shape memory properties. Fabrication involves preparing nanoparticle‐modified epoxy nanocomposites through ultrasonication followed by hand layup technique. The findings revealed that the modified composites achieved their optimal performance at a 0.6 wt% concentration of nanoparticle, with the tensile strength and modulus increasing by 33.59% and 23.47% for 0.6 wt% MWCNT composite and by 45.94% and 25.61% for 0.6 wt% GnP composite. GnP‐modified composites outperformed MWCNT ones due to GnP's sheet structure aligning parallel to the load and larger surface area facilitating enhanced interaction with the matrix. Despite polymer modification, the shape recovery ratio values remained high, with 98.92% for unmodified composite, 97.72% for 0.6 wt% MWCNT composites, and 97.12% for 0.6 wt% GnP modified composites, all exceeding 90%, indicating no compromise in performance.

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Shape memory, mechanical and thermomechanical property comparison in MWCNT and GnP modified Bi‐directional (plain) carbon fiber polymer composites

Gupta,

Tiwari,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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The study presents a comparative analysis of MWCNT and GnP modified epoxy/bi‐directional (Plain) carbon fiber three‐phase shape memory hybrid composites (epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs) focusing on their mechanical, thermomechanical, and shape memory properties. Fabrication involves preparing nanostructure‐modified epoxy nanocomposites through ultrasonication followed by hand layup technique. The findings revealed that the modified epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs achieved their optimal performance at a 0.6 wt% concentration of nanostructure, with the tensile strength and modulus increasing by 63.62% and 28.30% for 0.6 wt% MWCNT composite and by 85.44% and 30.62% for 0.6 wt% GnP composite. In addition to the enhancement in tensile properties, improvements were also observed in flexural, ILSS, and thermal properties. These improvements can be attributed to the enhanced interfacial bonding between the polymer and fiber, as confirmed by morphological analysis of fractured tensile samples using FESEM. GnP‐modified epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs outperformed MWCNT ones due to GnP's sheet structure aligning parallel to the load and larger surface area facilitating enhanced interaction with the matrix. Despite polymer modification, the shape recovery ratio values remained high, with 98.99% for unmodified composite, 97.95% for 0.6 wt% MWCNT modified epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs, and 97.54% for 0.6 wt% GnP modified epoxy/BDP‐CF 3P‐SMHCs, all exceeding 90%, indicating no compromise in performance.Highlights 0.6 wt% optimal nanoparticle concentration boosts composite properties. GnP‐modified composites show superior properties increases over MWCNT. Tensile, flexural, thermal gains and ILSS link to better bond, FESEM proves. Recovery ratios over 90% in hybrid composites ensure peak performance.

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Investigation of Thermal, Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties of 3D-Printed Functionally Graded Nanocomposite Materials

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

Analysing the shape memory behaviour of GnP-enhanced nanocomposites: a comparative study between experimental and finite element analysis

Analysing the shape memory behaviour of GnP-enhanced nanocomposites: a comparative study between experimental and finite element analysis

Comparative study on shape memory, mechanical, and thermomechanical properties of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets modified bidirectional (twill) carbon fiber polymer composites

Shape memory, mechanical and thermomechanical property comparison in MWCNT and GnP modified Bi‐directional (plain) carbon fiber polymer composites

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