Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Tritrichomonas foetus in abortions of cattle, sheep and goats in Turkey: Analysis by real-time PCR, conventional PCR and histopathological methods

Irehan, Bünyamin; Sonmez, Ayşe; Atalay, Muge Metin; Ekinci, Aysel Itik; Çelik, Figen; Durmus, Nalan; Ciftçi, Ayşe Turkan; Şimşek, Sami

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101867

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The contamination of the animal feeding areas with infected oocysts, released from infected dogs, lead to observing statistically significant evidence of horizontal transmission in herds. Finally, our findings suggest that N. caninum plays a role as one of the abortive agents in small ruminates and equine in Iraq, as well as in other countries (Moreno et al 2012, Della Rosa et al 2021, Rahmani et al 2022, Irehan et al 2022). Thus N. caninum could be also evaluated in the differential diagnosis of reproductive problems to the offspring in small ruminants and equines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Prevalence of Neospora caninum as an etiologic agent of animal abortion in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Mohammed,

Tavassoli,

Sidiq

et al. 2023

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Neospora caninum (N. caninum) is the etiologic agent of neosporosis, a potential cause of severe reproductive disorders in cattle, small ruminants, equines, wild animals and canids across the world. The current study is performed to estimate molecular prevalence of N. caninum in small ruminants and equines that had abortion in Kurdistan region of Iraq. A total of 64 tissue samples (brain, placenta, heart, lung and liver) were taken from aborted foetuses, with a total of 122 dam blood samples taken from 63 sheep, 39 goats, 12 mares and 8 jennies in local breed fields. Besides, a risk factor analysis for N. caninum positive animals was performed. The observed prevalence of N. caninum DNA in the blood of sheep, goats, horses and donkeys were 20.6%, 17.9%, 21.4% and 25.0%, respectively, and 19.3%, 17.6%, 18.1 and 20.0% in the aborted foetuses of the animals, respectively. Moreover, occurrence of N. caninum was 20.3% in the blood of aborted dams, while it was 18.7% in their aborted foetuses. Confirmatory analysis was also done through constructing a phylogenetic tree to compare the partial sequences of the Nc-5 gene in our isolates (OP771519, OP771520, OP771521 and OP771522) with the GenBank sequences. This showed 98-100% sequence identity with other N. caninum strains in the GenBank database. Older small ruminants and equines had a higher risk of being positive for N. caninum and exposure to dogs were considered as significant risk factors for N. caninum infection in the studied animals (p<0.05). Thus, the results of this study suggest that N. caninum is one of the microbial abortive agents in small ruminants and equines in Kurdistan region of Iraq. It is hoped that the results of this study will help to control animal abortion in livestock and reduce the economic losses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Prevalence of Neospora caninum as an etiologic agent of animal abortion in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Mohammed,

Tavassoli,

Sidiq

et al. 2023

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…Molecular techniques have the advantage of being highly sensitive and can amplify DNA [22]. In this study, the total prevalence rate of T. foetus in aborted cows was 20.97%, which was significantly higher than that reported in Nineveh Province (12.6%) [4], South Africa (4.1%) [23], Brazil (4.5%) [24], Iran (7.4%) [25], and Turkey (3.63%) [26]. However, the differences in the prevalence rate of bovine trichomoniasis might be attributed to the method of sample selection, type of PCR, targeted gene or designed primer, and management or seasonal conditions that provide a suitable environment for the spread of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Molecular prevalence and phylogenetic confirmation of bovine trichomoniasis in aborted cows in Iraq

Gharban

2023

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Bovine trichomoniasis, caused by Tritrichomonas foetus, is a venereal disease that is distributed in many countries, including Iraq. Compared with other abortive infectious diseases, prevalence of T. foetus is expected to be relatively low in the field by veterinarians. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of T. foetus in aborted cows by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and phylogenetic analysis of local T. foetus isolates was documented in the National Center for Biotechnology Information as the first sequenced isolates from Iraq. Materials and Methods: Vaginal fluids were collected from 62 aborted cows and examined by PCR. Data were reported for the following parameters: Vital signs (body temperature and respiratory and pulse rates), age (<4, 4–8, and >8 years), reproductive health status (premature calving, embryonic death, pyometra, and healthy newborn), breed (pure or crossbred), type of breeding (natural or artificial), bull-to-cow ratio (1:<10, 1:10–20, and 1:>20), contact of cow with bull(s) from other farmers (yes or no), and contact with stray animals (dogs and cats). Results: A total of 20.97% of aborted cows were positive for T. foetus. Phylogenetic analysis for 10 positive local T. foetus isolates demonstrated high identity with the Thai (MN560972.2) and Chinese (MH115435.1) isolates, with an identity range of 98.8%–99.5% and 98.6%–99.3%, respectively. Clinical data showed that the vital signs differed insignificantly between cows positive and negative for T. foetus. Prevalence and risk of infection increased significantly in <4-year-old, early calving, embryonic death, crossbred, and naturally inseminated cows that had direct contact with bulls from other farmers, and contact with stray animals. Fetal pneumonia and death of premature calves were significant among positive aborted fetuses. Conclusion: Tritrichomonas foetus is highly prevalent in aborted cows in Iraq and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated an identity between the local and global isolates, that is, Thai and Chinese, of cats. Keywords: bovine-sexually transmitted disease, natural insemination, polymerase chain reaction, Tritrichomonas foetus, Wasit province.

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“…Molecular studies have been carried out to investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in aborted fetuses in Türkiye (Özkaraca et al 2016;Irehan et al 2022;Orunç Kılınç et al 2023;Akpinar et al 2023) In the present study, which focused on brain samples from aborted ovine fetuses, the prevalence of T. gondii infection was 16.6% (10 out of 60) based on the conventional PCR method. The clinical manifestation of toxoplasmosis in pregnant ewes can be influenced by the age and immune status of the fetuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Molecular Survey of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Aborted Fetuses of Sheep in the Iğdır Province of Türkiye

Koca,

Orunç Kılınç,

Ayan

et al. 2023

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Toxoplasma gondii, an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite, can infect a wide range of warm-blooded animals, including livestock species. T. gondii is a zoonotic protozoan parasite that affects both humans and other warm-blooded animals. The aim of this study was to detect T. gondii by using PCR in the brain tissues of 60 aborted sheep fetuses from the Iğdır Province in Türkiye. For this purpose, 60 brain tissue samples of sheep were collected within the lambing seasons of 2023 in Iğdır, Türkiye. The DNA extraction was performed using the PureLink™ Genomic DNA Mini Kit from brain samples. The PCR was performed with the appropriate primers from the obtained DNA samples. T. gondii was found in the brain (16.6%) samples of aborted sheep fetuses. According to the present study, T. gondii infection can be one of the causes of fetus abortion of sheep in Iğdır province, Türkiye. This result emphasizes the need for vigilance and preventive measures in managing this potential public and animal health concerns.

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Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Tritrichomonas foetus in abortions of cattle, sheep and goats in Turkey: Analysis by real-time PCR, conventional PCR and histopathological methods

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence of Neospora caninum as an etiologic agent of animal abortion in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Prevalence of Neospora caninum as an etiologic agent of animal abortion in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Molecular prevalence and phylogenetic confirmation of bovine trichomoniasis in aborted cows in Iraq

Molecular Survey of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Aborted Fetuses of Sheep in the Iğdır Province of Türkiye

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